农民分化、土地流转与新型农业经营主体培育的研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 09:31

本文选题：农民分化 + 土地流转　；参考：《安徽农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：新形势下,中国农村经济不断快速发展,大量农村剩余劳动力向城镇转移,中国农村地区普遍存在着兼业现象。同时,作为最关键的农业生产要素的土地也开始出现转租、转包和抛荒等现象。新形势下的农民被分化为纯农民、兼业农民、纯农民和一部分已经完全离土离乡的非农民,相应地,传统农民承包的土地开始流转,广大农村地区出现了新型的职业农民,如家庭农场、专业大户、农业龙头企业和农民合作社。农业劳动力和土地两大重要生产要素亟需重新进行整合,新型农业经营主体诞生,传统的家庭承包经营制度受到挑战。因此,本文以安徽省为研究对象,运用比较分析和实证分析方法,对农民分化、土地流转和新型农业经营主体进行深入研究,以期为新型农业经营主体培育机制和推动现代化农业发展提供政策建议。文章在相关研究的基础上作了以下几个方面的探索：首先,对安徽省农民分化、土地流转和新型农业经营主体的发展现状及特点进行分析；其次,分析新型农业经营主体发展的“内部-外部”环境模型；第三,利用安徽省实地调查数据,探析农民分化程度下的土地流转现状,并进行差异分析；第四,实证分析农民分化对土地流转的影响和新型农业经营主体的影响因素。研究发现：(1)农民分化和土地流转两大农村现象是新型农业经营主体诞生和发展的重要外部环境。(2)不同农民分化程度下的土地流转意愿、流转行为和流转规模存在差异。首先,传统农民更愿意保留传统的农业经营格局,大部分兼业农民均持有流转土地意愿,安徽省土地流转并不充分。其次,兼业农民转出土地规模较小,职业农民希望转入土地,转入土地规模较大。最后,农民的经济分化直接影响着土地的流转意愿和行为,非农收入比重与农民对土地的依赖性成反比。(3)农民分化程度影响土地流转行为和规模。农民分化程度越高,转出土地可能性越高,转出面积越大,转入面积越小。(4)农业经营主体受农民分化和土地流转的影响。农民分化程度越高,成为非农民和二兼农民的可能性越高。现有土地面积越大,成为传统农民、一兼农民和职业农民可能性越高。希望转出土地的意愿负向影响传统农民和一兼农民,希望转入土地意愿变量正向显著影响传统农民和一兼农民。基于研究结论,论文最后提出了相应的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Under the new situation, China's rural economy has been developing rapidly, a large number of surplus rural labor force has been transferred to cities and towns, and there is a phenomenon of concurrent employment in rural areas of China. At the same time, as the most key factor of agricultural production, land began to sublet, subcontract and abandon. Under the new situation, peasants have been divided into pure peasants, part-time peasants, pure peasants and some non-peasants who have left their homes completely. Accordingly, the land contracted by traditional farmers has begun to circulate, and new type of professional peasants have emerged in the vast rural areas. Such as family farms, professional large, leading agricultural enterprises and farmers cooperatives. Two important factors of production, agricultural labor force and land, need to be reintegrated. The new agricultural management main body is born, and the traditional family contract management system is challenged. Therefore, this article takes Anhui Province as the research object, uses the comparative analysis and the demonstration analysis method, carries on the thorough research to the farmer differentiation, the land circulation and the new agricultural management main body. In order to provide policy advice for the cultivation mechanism of new agricultural management main body and promote the development of modern agriculture. On the basis of relevant research, the article makes the following exploration: firstly, it analyzes the current situation and characteristics of the farmers' differentiation, land circulation and the new agricultural management in Anhui Province; secondly, it analyzes the characteristics of the farmers' differentiation, land circulation and the new agricultural management subjects in Anhui Province. Analyze the "internal and external" environmental model of the development of the new agricultural management; third, use the field survey data of Anhui Province, analyze the current situation of land circulation under the degree of farmers' differentiation, and carry on the difference analysis; fourth, Empirical analysis of the impact of farmer differentiation on land circulation and new agricultural management of the main factors. It is found that the two major rural phenomena of peasant differentiation and land circulation are the important external environment for the birth and development of new agricultural management subjects. First of all, the traditional farmers prefer to retain the traditional pattern of agricultural management, most of the part-time farmers have the will to transfer land, Anhui Province land transfer is not sufficient. Secondly, the scale of concurrent-industry farmers to land is small, professional farmers want to transfer to land, and the scale of land transfer is larger. Finally, the economic differentiation of farmers directly affects the willingness and behavior of land circulation, and the proportion of non-agricultural income is inversely proportional to the dependence of farmers on land. 3) the degree of differentiation of farmers affects the behavior and scale of land circulation. The higher the degree of differentiation of farmers, the higher the possibility of land transfer, the larger the area of transfer, the smaller the area of transfer. 4) the main body of agricultural management is affected by the differentiation of farmers and the circulation of land. The higher the degree of farmer differentiation, the higher the possibility of becoming non-farmer and dual-concurrently farmer. The larger the existing land area, the higher the possibility of becoming a traditional farmer, a concurrently farmer and a professional farmer. The desire to transfer out of the land has a negative influence on the traditional farmers and one-by-one farmers, and the variables of the desire to transfer to the land have a significant positive impact on the traditional peasants and one-by-one farmers. Based on the conclusion of the study, the paper finally puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.6;F321.1

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