生鲜农产品冷链的蓄冷剂开发与应用

发布时间：2018-05-29 00:22

本文选题：冷链运输 + 蓄冷剂　；参考：《安徽工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：居民生活水平的提升,导致人们对于生鲜农产品的需求量日益增强。本课题着手于小批量生鲜农产品和易腐食品的短距离低温运输,设计出生鲜农产品冷链专用冷藏箱及蓄冷剂,并围绕冷藏箱研发出一整套的生鲜农产品冷链物流系统,旨在为生鲜农产品的冷链低温运输,提供有效可行方案。具体研究内容如下:(1)生鲜农产品冷链专用蓄冷剂的初选与性能优化①综合对比冰块、干冰以及凝胶相变蓄冷剂的制冷性能及经济性,确定将凝胶作为生鲜农产品专用冷藏箱的冷源;②通过6组不同比例下的配比试验及3组流动改性试验,确定蓄冷剂的配方为0.3mol/L的甘露醇与0.1mol/L的氯化钾按体积比1∶1混合,其相变温度为-4.65℃,相变潜热为308.1642 J/g。③将本文研发的蓄冷剂与市面9种蓄冷剂进行性能对比,证实本文研发的生鲜农产品冷链专用蓄冷剂性能优于市面上的同类产品。(2)生鲜农产品冷链专用冷藏箱的开发设计①计算箱体的冷负荷,结果表明8 L的小型冷藏箱只需要1300KJ的冷负荷即可实现货物48h的低温运输。○2利用FLUENT软件对冷藏箱的保温能力和蓄冷剂的放置量进行模拟分析,得出蓄冷剂与货物按质量比为1∶1放置的情况下所研发冷藏箱的保冷时间为66.3h。从保温效果及经济性方面分析,在冷藏箱的实际使用过程中,蓄冷剂与货物的放置比例以1∶3~1∶2为宜,某些不易储运的高附加值货物,放置比例可达1∶1~2∶1。(3)生鲜农产品冷链专用冷藏箱的冷藏试验以预冷到0℃的草莓作为试验对象,将草莓与蓄冷剂按1∶1的质量比放入冷藏箱内,对比分析所研制蓄冷剂+所研制冷藏箱(CY1)、所研制蓄冷剂+市售冷藏箱(CY2)、市售蓄冷剂+市售冷藏箱(CY3)与冰块+泡沫箱(CY4)这四种储存条件下60h后草莓的保鲜效果。经过63.8h,四组试验的腐烂指数分别为13.0%、15.8%、19.6%与30.1%。明确:目前冷链运输常用的冰块+泡沫箱的保鲜效果与其他三组有着显著差距,而本文研发的生鲜农产品专用冷藏箱配合研发蓄冷剂的保鲜效果最为优越,优于市面同类产品。(4)生鲜农产品冷链的配套系统设计为健全生鲜农产品冷链运输体系,围绕本文所开发的生鲜农产品专用冷藏箱配套设计一个低温仓储系统,通过将一个小型仓库改装成生鲜农产品冷链专用冷库实现冷链运输前的商品预冷和蓄冷剂的充冷过程,通过设计计算,冷库的容量为201.92t,冷负荷为594.91KW。
[Abstract]:The improvement of the living standard of residents has led to the increasing demand for fresh agricultural products. This subject begins with the short and low temperature transportation of fresh agricultural products and perishable food in small quantities, designs the cold chain special refrigerator and refrigerant for fresh agricultural products, and develops a whole set of cold chain logistics system for fresh agricultural products around the refrigerator. The purpose of this study is to provide effective and feasible solutions for cold chain cryogenic transport of fresh agricultural products. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) primary selection and performance optimization of cold chain special refrigerants for fresh agricultural products (1) the refrigeration performance and economy of ice, dry ice and gel phase change refrigerants are compared synthetically, and the gel is used as the cold refrigerator for fresh agricultural products. 2. Through the ratio test under 6 different proportions and 3 groups of flow modification tests, it is determined that the potassium chloride of 0.3mol/L and 0.1mol/L is mixed with 1: 1 by volume ratio, the phase change temperature is -4.65 C, the latent heat of phase change is 308.1642 J/g., and the performance of the cold storage agent developed in this paper is compared with the market 9 kinds of refrigerants. The cold chain special refrigerant of fresh agricultural products developed in this paper is superior to the same product on the market. (2) the development and design of the cold chain special refrigerator for fresh agricultural products (1) the cold load of the box is calculated. The result shows that the cold load of the 8 L small refrigerator is only required by the cold load of 1300KJ. 0. 2 use FLUENT software to refrigerate the refrigerated goods. The heat preservation ability of the box and the storage capacity of the refrigerant are simulated and analyzed. The cold storage time of the refrigerated box is 66.3h. under the condition of the mass ratio of 1 to 1. It is analyzed from the heat preservation effect and the economy. In the actual use of the refrigerator, the proportion of the cold storage agent and the goods is 1: 3~1: 2. Some high added value goods which are not easy to be stored and transported can be placed in the cold chain refrigerated box of 1: 1~2: 1. (3) cold chain for fresh agricultural products. The strawberry, which is pre cooled to 0 degrees centigrade, is used as the test object. The strawberry and the cold storage agent are placed in a refrigerated box with the ratio of 1 to 1. The refrigerating agent developed by the refrigerated refrigerant (CY1) is compared and analyzed, and the cold storage agent is developed. Market storage refrigerated box (CY2), market storage refrigerant + CY3 refrigerated box (CY3) and ice + foam box (CY4) under the four storage conditions after 60H strawberry preservation effect. After 63.8h, the decay index of the four groups were 13%, 15.8%, 19.6% and 30.1%. clear: at present, the cold chain transport of ice + foam box and the other three groups have significant effect. The effect of the fresh agricultural product special refrigerator and the research and development of the refrigerant is the most superior, which is superior to the similar products in the market. (4) the supporting system for the cold chain of fresh agricultural products is designed to improve the cold chain transportation system of fresh agricultural products and design a low temperature warehouse around the special cold storage box of fresh agricultural products developed in this article. In the storage system, a small warehouse is converted into a cold chain special cold storage of fresh agricultural products to achieve cold chain pre cooling and refrigerant charging process before the cold chain transportation. Through the design calculation, the capacity of the cold storage is 201.92t, and the cold load is 594.91KW.
【学位授予单位】：安徽工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.6

【参考文献】