GIS支持下的中国土地承载状态评价

发布时间：2018-06-02 06:04

本文选题：土地 + 承载状态　；参考：《资源与产业》2016年06期

【摘要】：土地是人类生产生活的物质基础和空间载体,土地的承载状态评价反映了土地资源与经济、社会活动的匹配程度,是国土空间规划和管理的重要依据。GIS因其强大的建模功能、空间分析能力和制图效果,可应用于资源环境承载力的相关评价。文章以2015年中国统计年鉴数据为基础,运用GIS建立以耕地、建设用地和生态用地为主要因子的土地承载强度评价指标体系,分析评价了中国31个省(市)土地承载状态。结果表明,中国土地承载力与耕地承载强度、建设用地承载强度、生态用地承载强度密切相关,土地承载状态受区域地形地貌、经济社会发展水平影响显著。经济发达、人口密集区土地超载,天津市土地严重超载,北京市、上海市和江苏省土地承载状态为超载;西北、华北、中南和东南沿海省份土地临界超载;东北地区、内蒙古和云南省土地承载状态为盈余。
[Abstract]:Land is the material basis and space carrier of human production and life. The evaluation of land bearing state reflects the matching degree of land resources with economic and social activities. It is an important basis for land and spatial planning and management. Spatial analysis ability and mapping effect can be used to evaluate the carrying capacity of resources and environment. Based on the data of China Statistical Yearbook in 2015, the paper establishes an evaluation index system of land bearing strength with cultivated land, construction land and ecological land as the main factors by using GIS, and analyzes and evaluates the land bearing status of 31 provinces (cities) in China. The results show that the bearing capacity of land in China is closely related to the bearing strength of cultivated land, construction land and ecological land, and the land bearing status is significantly affected by the regional topography and geomorphology, and the level of economic and social development. Developed economy, overloading of land in densely populated areas, serious overloading of land in Tianjin, overloading in Beijing, Shanghai and Jiangsu Province; critical overloading in Northwest, North, Central and Southeast Coastal provinces; Northeast, Inner Mongolia and Yunnan Province land bearing state for surplus.
【作者单位】：中国国土资源经济研究院;国土资源部资源环境承载力评价重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点研发专项(2016YFC0503501)
【分类号】：F301.2

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