生计资本视角下云南省水利水电建设工程移民收入效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 14:20

本文选题：可持续生计 + 收入效应　；参考：《云南财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：水库移民作为典型的非自愿移民指代由于水利水电设施建设而引起的非自愿人口迁移过程。不可否认,水库移民无形中承担了水库建设的部分外部成本。水利水电设施的建设导致相当一部分移民丧失了谋生的手段,发展能力与机遇受到明显破坏,结果便是收入和生活质量明显下降,移民普遍陷入贫困问题。近些年来,随着云南省水力资源开发建设速度的加快,使得省内移民规模的不断扩大,进而带来移民安置的困难增加,移民后续生活恢复困难加剧等社会问题。这便引起了我们对于移民补偿与安置政策的广泛思考。基于这一出发点,本文以金沙江流域水电建设移民作为切入点,基于可持续生计资本分析框架,从微观层面分析“移民政策”这一外生影响对于移民家庭五类生计资本的改变并进一步梳理出移民政策影响移民家庭收入的机理。文章同时还基于间断点回归分析方法相关原理构建准自然实验分析宏观层面移民政策对于移民家庭收入的影响。通过微观层面与宏观层面相结合,文章从政府与移民家庭双方分析移民政策所带来的具体问题。本文一方面,通过分析移民家庭并予以引导,确保其在移民过程中尽快恢复并发展;另一方面,对现行移民政策进行客观与合理的评估,为日后移民政策的完善提供合理化建议。通过研究与分析,本文得出以下结论:首先,国家现行有关移民补偿政策,在理论上能够帮助工程移民在搬迁以后重新构建生计,但受政策迟滞效应以及执行力度影响,移民在搬迁以后动用储蓄重新构建生计,其储蓄行为的改变使得部分移民家庭陷入贫困。其次,在影响工程移民收入的五类禀赋中,自然资本对于收入影响最大。非生产性社会资本对于工程移民收入影响作用不大。移民家庭净收入和物质资本负相关。最后,工程移民在搬迁以后储蓄率明显下降,从事农业生计策略工程移民遭受损失明显高于从事非农业生计策略的工程移民。总之,分析表明,水利水电工程建设对于移民家庭而言,普遍造成了较为明显的经济损失。当前阶段国家移民政策的完善应从政策执行层面进行。改善移民地区居民文化程度,确保移民家庭在失地后顺利向非农业生计策略转移富足劳动力,完成移民后可持续生计的构建,积极引导工程移民可持续生计策略的构建。
[Abstract]:The reservoir emigrant, as a typical involuntary resettlement, refers to the involuntary population migration process caused by the construction of water conservancy and hydropower facilities. It is undeniable that the reservoir emigrant undertook part of the external cost of the reservoir construction. The construction of water conservancy and hydropower facilities led to a considerable number of migrants lost their livelihood, and the development capacity and opportunities were affected by the construction of water conservancy and hydropower facilities. To the obvious damage, the result is that the income and the quality of life have declined obviously, and the immigrant is generally in poverty. In recent years, with the acceleration of the speed of the development and construction of the hydropower resources in Yunnan Province, the scale of the migrants in the province is expanding, and the difficulties of the resettlement of immigrant workers are increasing, and the difficulties of the resettlement of the immigrants are aggravated, and so on. Based on this point of departure, based on this point of departure, based on the analysis framework of sustainable livelihoods capital, this paper analyzes the change of the exogenous influence of "immigration policy" on the five types of living capital of immigrant families and further on the basis of the analysis framework of the sustainable livelihoods capital. The mechanism of immigration policy affecting the income of immigrant families is combed. At the same time, the article also builds a quasi natural experiment to analyze the impact of macro level immigration policy on migrant family income based on the theory of the method of the regression analysis of the discontinuity point. The article analyses the immigration policy from both the government and the immigrant families through the micro level and the macro level. On the one hand, this article, on the one hand, through the analysis of the immigrant family and guiding it to ensure its recovery and development as soon as possible in the process of immigration; on the other hand, an objective and reasonable assessment of the current immigration policy is carried out to provide a rationalization proposal for the improvement of the future immigration policy. Through research and analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: First, the current state immigration compensation policy can theoretically help the migrant workers rebuild their livelihoods after the relocation, but under the effect of policy delay and the impact of enforcement, the migrants rebuilt their livelihoods with savings after the relocation, and the change of their savings behavior makes the immigrant families fall into poverty. Secondly, it affects the migration of the project. In the five endowment of people's income, natural capital has the greatest impact on income. Non productive social capital has little effect on the income of Engineering migrants. The net income of immigrant families is negatively related to material capital. Finally, the savings rate of the migrant workers is obviously reduced after the relocation, and the loss of the migrant workers in the agricultural strategy project is obviously higher than that of the migrants. In short, the analysis shows that the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects has caused more obvious economic losses to immigrant families. At the current stage, the improvement of national immigration policies should be carried out from the level of policy implementation. Non farm livelihood strategies transfer abundant labor force, complete the construction of sustainable livelihood after emigration, and actively guide the construction of Sustainable Livelihood Strategy for engineering immigrants.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.91;F426.61;F323.8

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