城市化进程中失地农民可持续生计保障和对策研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 01:34

本文选题：城市化 + 失地农民　；参考：《沈阳建筑大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国社会经济的快速发展,城市化已经成为我国社会发展的主要趋势。在城市化的进程中,大量农民失去原有的土地,成为失地农民。这些失地农民面临生活、就业、养老以及文化的多重困境方面使得他们成为被社会广泛关注的社会问题。纵观世界发达国家的发展历程,城市化与工业化发展中都会造成大量失去土地的农民,这是经济发展的必然。我国人口中,农业人口占七成以上,城市化进程中的失地农民问题更为严峻。失地农民的问题处理不当,将严重影响我国社会的稳定发展。近些年,由于个别地区缺乏经验,我国因失地农民问题导致的群体性事件呈上升趋势。本研究正是在这一背景之下,对我国失地农民问题进行了探讨与研究,通过对相关概念的研究,探讨我国产生失地农民问题的根源及解决对策。当前,我国失地农民的主要问题集中在基本生活难以保障、社会保障制度缺位、难以融入城市生活以及再就业困难。究其根源,是我国目前所实施的土地管理制度、土地流转制度以及户籍管理制度存在问题。本研究在充分研究和分析的基础上提出解决我国失地农民可持续生计问题的基本对策。首先,改革我国原有的土地管理制度和土地流转制度,让土地制度能够适应我国当前的经济社会发展形式和发展速度,并通过立法的形式保证新制度的有效实施。其次,要通过失地农民社会保障制度的建立来促进失地农民可持续生计能力的提升,保证他们在土地被征收之后原有的生活水平不下降。再次,通过制度建设和文化建设引导使失地农民融入城市生活,防止出现影响失地农民心理不适的情况出现。最后,要促进失地农民再就业。政府要承担失地农民再就业教育的有关责任,通过宣传和教育等手段提高失地农民的竞争意识和就业意识,使他们适应城市工作状态。失地农民的可持续生计问题与我国社会健康稳定发展息息相关,需要全社会的共同关注和重视。要通过制度创新和立法改革从根本上保障失地农民的合法权益不受侵害。促进我国城市化进程持续、健康、稳定发展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's social economy, urbanization has become the main trend of our social development. In the process of urbanization, a large number of farmers lost their original land and became landless farmers. These landless farmers face many difficulties in life, employment, old-age care and culture, which make them a social problem which is widely concerned by the society. Throughout the development of developed countries in the world, urbanization and industrialization will cause a large number of farmers who have lost their land, which is the necessity of economic development. In China, agricultural population accounts for more than 70% of the population, and the problem of land-lost farmers in the process of urbanization is even more serious. The problem of land-lost farmers is not handled properly, which will seriously affect the stable development of our society. In recent years, due to the lack of experience in individual regions, the group events caused by the problem of land-lost farmers in China are on the rise. It is under this background that this research has carried on the discussion and the research to our country lost the land farmer question, through the research to the related concept, has probed into the root cause and the solution countermeasure of the land lost farmer problem in our country. At present, the main problems of landless farmers in our country are that the basic life is difficult to guarantee, the social security system is absent, and it is difficult to integrate into the city life and reemployment. The root of this problem is the existing problems of land management system, land circulation system and household registration management system. On the basis of full research and analysis, this study puts forward the basic countermeasures to solve the sustainable livelihood problem of landless farmers in China. First of all, we should reform the original land management system and land circulation system, so that the land system can adapt to the current economic and social development of our country and the speed of development, and ensure the effective implementation of the new system through the form of legislation. Secondly, to promote the sustainable livelihood of landless farmers through the establishment of social security system, to ensure that their original living standards will not decline after the land expropriation. Thirdly, through the guidance of system construction and cultural construction, the landless farmers should be integrated into the city life, and the psychological discomfort of the landless farmers should be prevented. Finally, to promote land loss farmers re-employment. The government should bear the responsibility of re-employment education for landless farmers, improve their sense of competition and employment by means of publicity and education, so as to make them adapt to the state of urban work. The sustainable livelihood of landless farmers is closely related to the healthy and stable development of our society and needs the common attention and attention of the whole society. The legal rights and interests of landless farmers should be protected from infringement through system innovation and legislative reform. Promote the sustainable, healthy and stable development of China's urbanization process.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F299.2;F323.89

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