西部马铃薯合作社技术效率研究

发布时间：2018-06-09 21:37

本文选题：马铃薯合作社 + 技术效率　；参考：《中国农业科学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国人口发展、城镇化推进以及人民生活水平的提高,我国粮食需求呈现刚性增长,粮食供给压力不断增大。在其他主要粮食作物资源开发难度越来越大的情况下,发展马铃薯产业,增加马铃薯主粮化供给能力,是进一步提升我国粮食安全保障水平的重大战略举措。马铃薯产业健康发展需要有与之相适应的生产组织形式。本文以马铃薯合作社为研究对象,通过合作社的态势以及技术效率的研究对马铃薯生产组织形式进行优化,对促进马铃薯产业可持续发展具有重要理论和现实意义。本文基于实地调研数据,对西部马铃薯合作社进行了态势分析,剖析了西部马铃薯合作社的基本特征和现阶段存在的主要问题;采用超越对数生产函数的随机前沿面分析测算了西部马铃薯合作社的技术效率,结合测算结果,提出了若干针对性的对策建议。主要进展及结论如下:1、马铃薯合作社较其他组织形式具有明显优势。西部马铃薯合作社以种植型合作社为主。数据显示西部马铃薯合作社具有以下优势:资金集中而且丰富;经营业务专一化;人力集中化,生产规模化;有统一的技术规范;管理集中,入股形式多样;公共基础设施建设及社内福利完善;便于政府集中扶持等。2、西部马铃薯合作社组织形式有待改进。西部马铃薯合作社存在的明显问题:股权较集中,代表小部分人或者小集体利益;高素质精干技术人才以及管理人才的缺乏;成本上升较快,资金不足;挂牌套取扶持政策的现象严重;理事会治理缺乏统一的标准;经营业务过于集中,缺乏竞争力等。3、西部马铃薯合作社的总体产出仍有巨大的提升潜力。随机前沿面分析显示,西部种植型马铃薯合作社的平均技术效率为0.603,即为潜在产出的0.603。投入产出弹性为0.542,处于规模产出递减阶段。投入费用与服务面积的弹性表现出西部马铃薯合作社对于这两项的投入过度。因此增加固定资产投入和社员人数,减缓投入费用和服务面积的增长是现阶段马铃薯合作社的发展方向。4、六因素对西部马铃薯合作社效率损失具有显著影响。运营时间(Z1)、专家指导(Z4)、股份差异程度(Z6)对马铃薯合作社的效率影响都是正面的,且影响程度较大;自然禀赋(Z2)、合作社经营范围(Z9)、管理层是否有激励措施(Z10)则是负面影响。因此,要重视经验积累;协调好其他种植产业和马铃薯产业发展的关系;加强专家指导,提升技术水平;优化产业结构;经营专一化;改善现有激励措施。
[Abstract]:With the development of population, urbanization and the improvement of people's living standard, China's grain demand is increasing rigidly, and the pressure of grain supply is increasing. The development of potato industry and the supply capacity of potato staple grain are important strategic measures to further improve the level of food security in China under the condition of more and more difficult exploitation of other main food crop resources. The healthy development of potato industry needs to have corresponding production organization form. This paper takes the potato cooperative as the research object, through the cooperative situation and the technical efficiency research carries on the optimization to the potato production organization form, has the important theory and the practical significance to promote the potato industry sustainable development. Based on the field investigation data, this paper analyzes the situation of potato cooperatives in western China, analyzes the basic characteristics of potato cooperatives in western China and the main problems existing in the present stage. The technical efficiency of potato cooperative in western China was calculated by random frontier analysis of transcendental logarithmic production function, and some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were put forward. The main progress and conclusions are as follows: 1: 1, potato cooperative has obvious advantages over other organizational forms. Potato cooperatives in western China are mainly plant-type cooperatives. The data show that the western potato cooperatives have the following advantages: centralized and rich funds, specialized business management, centralized manpower, large-scale production, unified technical specifications, centralized management and diversified forms of equity ownership; The construction of public infrastructure and welfare in the society are perfect, and the form of potato cooperative organization in western China needs to be improved. The obvious problems of potato cooperatives in western China include: concentrated ownership, representing the interests of a small number of people or small collectives, lack of high-quality technical and managerial personnel, rapid increase in cost and lack of funds; The phenomenon of listing and taking support policy is serious; the governing board lacks the unified standard; the management business is too centralized and lack of competitiveness. 3. The total output of the western potato cooperative still has great potentiality. The stochastic frontier analysis shows that the average technical efficiency of the western potato cooperative is 0.603, which is 0.603 of the potential output. The input-output elasticity is 0.542, which is in the stage of decreasing output. The elasticity of input cost and service area shows that the western potato cooperative put too much money into these two items. Therefore, increasing the fixed assets input and the number of members, slowing down the increase of input cost and service area is the development direction of potato cooperative at present. The six factors have significant influence on the efficiency loss of potato cooperative in western China. The operation time is Z1, the expert instruction is Z4, and the degree of stock difference is Z6) the effect on the efficiency of potato cooperative is positive, and the degree of influence is great; the natural endowment, the scope of cooperative management and the management have a negative effect on the efficiency of the potato cooperative, however, whether the management has incentive measures or not is a negative influence. Therefore, we should pay attention to the accumulation of experience; coordinate the relationship between other planting industries and potato industry development; strengthen the guidance of experts, improve the technical level; optimize the industrial structure; operate exclusively; improve the existing incentives.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.11;F321.42

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