林业生态经济发展多维度公共政策选择与测度

发布时间：2018-06-19 15:05

本文选题：林业生态经济 + 财政政策　；参考：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年11期

【摘要】：本文基于2003—2013为期11年的跟踪调研,使用涵盖9个省份共1 497个样本农户的数据,多维度实证检验了中国林业公共政策对林业生态经济发展的政策效应,并测算了各项政策的贡献度。结果表明:(1)对于以个体农户林地面积为主要指标的林业生态效应,本文考察的公共政策都有显著的正向贡献,其贡献度大小依次是:产权政策35.53%,管制政策8.63%,财政政策8.21%。具体到细分措施,造林补贴主要针对生态林有最为显著的效果;而对于商品林,抚育补贴、集体林权改革、林木资源管制政策的效果更为明显。(2)对于林业生态经济协调发展,林业公共政策也具有明显的正向作用,不过各政策贡献度大小排序与其对生态效应不同:产权政策5.14%,财政政策0.83%,管制政策0.16%。细化来说,林地流转、林木采伐指标限额和造林补贴政策是效果最为显著的前三项。(3)不同省区由于所处区位差异、资源禀赋差异、环境水平和经济发展水平高低的差异,各项林业公共政策在各地区的贡献度也不尽相同。对于林业生态发展,产权政策贡献度最高的是山东省43.82%,财政政策贡献度最高的是辽宁省13.63%,管制政策贡献度最高的是福建省11.66%;而对于林业生态经济发展,福建省的产权政策贡献度最高,达到10.06%,财政政策和管制政策贡献度最高的均是湖南省,分别为1.8%和0.87%。本文的政策含义是,宜采用因地制宜方针设计各地区林业公共政策的优选方案,激发商品林的生态功能,培育生态林的经济功能。深化集体林权制度改革,实行造林补贴普惠制,增加抚育补贴中用材林的比例,创新采伐管理方式。
[Abstract]:Based on 11 years' tracking and investigation from 2003 to 2013, using data of 1,497 sample farmers in 9 provinces, this paper empirically tests the policy effect of Chinese forestry public policies on the development of forestry ecological economy. The contribution of each policy is calculated. The results show that the public policies in this paper have significant positive contribution to the forestry ecological effects with the area of forest land of individual farmers as the main index. The contribution of the public policies is in turn: property rights policy 35.53, control policy 8.63, fiscal policy 8.21. As far as the specific subdivision measures are concerned, afforestation subsidies have the most significant effect on ecological forests; for commercial forests, tending subsidies, collective forest rights reform, and forest resource control policies, the effect is more obvious. 2) for the coordinated development of forestry ecological economy, Forestry public policy also has obvious positive effect, but the order of contribution degree of each policy is different from its ecological effect: property right policy 5.14, fiscal policy 0.833, control policy 0.16. In detail, forest land circulation, forest cutting index quota and afforestation subsidy policy are the first three items that have the most remarkable effect.) the difference of different provinces and regions is due to the difference of location, resource endowment, environmental level and economic development level. The contribution of forestry public policies in different regions is also different. For forestry ecological development, the contribution of property right policy is the highest in Shandong Province, the financial policy contribution is the highest in Liaoning Province 13.63, the highest contribution is Fujian Province 11.66, and for forestry ecological and economic development, The contribution of property policy in Fujian Province was the highest, reaching 10.060.The contribution of fiscal policy and regulation policy was the highest in Hunan Province, which was 1.8% and 0.87%, respectively. The policy meaning of this paper is that it is appropriate to adopt the policy of adapting measures to local conditions to design the optimal scheme of forestry public policy in various regions, to stimulate the ecological function of commercial forest and to cultivate the economic function of ecological forest. We should deepen the reform of collective forest right system, implement the system of afforesting subsidy, increase the proportion of timber forest in tending subsidy, and innovate the management method of cutting.
【作者单位】：安徽大学经济学院;国家林业局经济发展研究中心;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“促进林业生态经济发展的公共政策研究”(批准号:12BJY141)
【分类号】：F326.2

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