石羊河流域综合治理政策对上、中游农村家庭生计活动的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 18:39

本文选题：政策 + 生计资本　；参考：《兰州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：石羊河流域地处内陆,气候属于温带大陆性气候,加之从事第一产业的人口众多,使石羊河流域形成了典型的资源型缺水地区。本来就缺水的石羊河流域随着经济的快速发展,工、农业及新兴产业的蓬勃发展,使得这一地区的入水矛盾不断的加剧。为了缓解人水矛盾,促进石羊河流域环境的可持续发展,石羊河流域综合治理政策便应运而生。本文则是以石羊河流域综合治理政策为研究背景,以石羊河流域上、中游为调查地点,在可持续生计分析框架的指导下,深入系统的探讨了环境、政策、生计三者之间的相互关系以影响机理。本文以结构化的入户调查问卷为主,同时辅以半结构化的访谈形式。首先是根据靠近河流的地理位置选择了受石羊河综合治理政策影响较大的乡镇,最终确定为九个乡镇,在这九个乡镇中利用PPS抽样方法,按乡镇分层,从九个乡镇的所有村中所抽取其中41个村级单位。本文主要是以上、中游为调查地点,因此只对上、中游的数据进行分析,结果分析如下：首先,对石羊河流域综合治理政策影响下农户的生计资本、生计策略和生计结果进行分析,结果显示,农户生计资本中的物质资本和自然资本有比较大的优势,人力资本、金融资本和社会资本相对就比较匮乏；生计策略方面,根据调查结果可知农户对生计策略的选择是多种多样的,不仅在生产活动也从其他方面展开自己的活动；生计策略的多样性能够促进农户好的生计结果。其次,先是根据环境、政策、生计三者之间的循环系统,对他们的影响机理进行全面的分析和探讨。然后是分析政策对不同类型农户的影响,分析结果显示,政策对不同类型农户的影响是明显不同的,政策的实施对务农为主的家庭的影响最大,其次是复合型的家庭,影响最小的是打工为主的家庭。最后,基于自己对数据分析提出了自己的一些建议,石羊河流域的环境治理应该从微观和宏观层面来把握。微观层面是要提高农户抵御风险的能力,提高农户的资本拥有量；宏观层面是要提供一个能使政策充分发挥作用,环境可持续发展,经济稳定增长的有利环境氛围。
[Abstract]:Shiyang River basin is located in the inland, the climate belongs to temperate continental climate, coupled with the large number of people engaged in the primary industry, Shiyang River basin has formed a typical resource-based water shortage area. With the rapid development of economy, the booming development of industry, agriculture and new industries, the contradiction of water entry in the Shiyang River basin, which is already short of water, is becoming more and more serious. In order to alleviate the contradiction between human and water and promote the sustainable development of Shiyang River Basin, the comprehensive management policy of Shiyang River Basin came into being. This paper takes the comprehensive management policy of Shiyang River Basin as the research background, taking the upper and middle reaches of Shiyang River Basin as the investigation site, under the guidance of the sustainable livelihood analysis framework, deeply and systematically discusses the environment and policy. The relationship among the three livelihoods influences the mechanism. In this paper, a structured household questionnaire, supplemented by a semi-structured interview form. First of all, according to the geographical location near the river, we selected the villages and towns that are greatly affected by the comprehensive management policy of Shiyang River, and finally determined the villages and towns as nine townships. In these nine townships, we used the PPS sampling method to stratify the villages and towns. One of the 41 village-level units was drawn from all the villages in nine townships. This paper mainly is above, the middle reaches is the investigation place, therefore only carries on the analysis to the upper, the middle reaches data, the result analysis is as follows: first, under the influence of the comprehensive management policy of Shiyang River basin, the farmer's livelihood capital. The results show that the material capital and natural capital of farmers' livelihood capital have great advantages, and the human capital, financial capital and social capital are relatively scarce. According to the survey results, farmers' choice of livelihood strategies is diverse, not only in the production activities but also from other aspects of their own activities, and the diversity of livelihood strategies can promote farmers' good livelihood results. Secondly, according to the circulatory system of environment, policy and livelihood, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis and discussion on their influence mechanism. Then, the influence of policy on different types of farmers is analyzed. The results show that the impact of policy on different types of farmers is obviously different. The implementation of policy has the greatest impact on families mainly engaged in agriculture, followed by composite families. The least influential is the working-oriented family. Finally, based on my own suggestions on data analysis, the environmental management of Shiyang River Basin should be grasped from the micro and macro levels. The microcosmic level is to improve the farmers' ability to resist risks and to increase their capital holdings, while the macro level is to provide a favorable environment for the policy to play a full role, the sustainable development of the environment, and the stable growth of the economy.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.6;D422.6

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