中国县域农村贫困化分异机制的地理探测与优化决策

发布时间：2018-06-24 12:35

本文选题：农村贫困化 + 地域分异　；参考：《地理学报》2017年01期

【摘要】：农村贫困化是长期以来备受世界各国关注的焦点问题,消除贫困,实现共同富裕是中国全面建设小康社会的重大任务,科学揭示农村贫困化地域分异机制,成为实施国家精准扶贫战略的重要课题。论文以河北省阜平县为典型案例,运用地理探测器、多元线性回归等模型方法,诊断出县域农村贫困化分异的主导因素,揭示了农村贫困化分异的动力机制,提出了不同贫困化地域类型的扶贫政策与模式。结果表明:1影响农村贫困化分异的主导因素包括地面坡度、人均耕地资源、到主要干道距离、到县城中心距离等,各因素对贫困发生率分异的决定力分别为0.14、0.15、0.15、0.17;2不同类型区域农村贫困化的分异机制存在明显差异,可归纳为自然环境约束型、资源丰度约束型、交通区位约束型、经济区位约束型等四大类型;3根据阜平县各乡镇核心主导因素,进一步划分出单因素、双因素和多因素影响区域,县域整体呈现出以横向中心为双因素影响区,两侧为单因素与多因素并存的多极核心主导因素影响的农村贫困发生分异区;4不同驱动机制下的县域扶贫开发亟需因地制宜、尊重科学、讲求实效,有序推进精准扶贫与城乡发展一体化战略。
[Abstract]:Poverty in rural areas has long been the focus of attention all over the world. To eliminate poverty and realize common prosperity is an important task for China to build a well-off society in an all-round way. The mechanism of regional differentiation of poverty in rural areas is revealed scientifically. It has become an important topic in the implementation of the national strategy of precision poverty reduction. This paper takes Fuping County in Hebei Province as a typical case, uses geographical detector, multiple linear regression and other model methods, diagnoses the leading factors of county rural poverty differentiation, and reveals the dynamic mechanism of rural poverty differentiation. The poverty alleviation policies and models of different poverty regions are put forward. The results show that the dominant factors affecting the poverty differentiation in rural areas include the gradient of the ground, the per capita cultivated land resources, the distance from the main roads to the main roads, the distance to the center of the county seat, etc. The determinants of poverty incidence are 0.140.150.150.172.There are obvious differences in the differentiation mechanism of rural poverty in different types of regions, which can be concluded as natural environment constraint, resource abundance constraint, traffic location constraint, and so on, which can be classified as natural environment constraint type, resource abundance constraint type, and transportation location constraint type, which can be classified as natural environment constraint type, resource abundance constraint type and traffic location constraint type. According to the core leading factors of villages and towns in Fuping County, the four major types of economic zone are divided into single factor, double factor and multi-factor influence area. The county poverty alleviation and development under different driving mechanisms in the rural poverty generation and differentiation areas affected by the multi-polar core leading factors with both sides of the single factor and the multi-factor coexistence need to be adapted to local conditions, respect science, and pay attention to practical results. We will advance the strategy of integrating poverty alleviation and urban and rural development in an orderly manner.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学地理科学学部;中国科学院精准扶贫评估研究中心;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDA021) 国家自然科学基金重点项目(41130748)~~
【分类号】：F323.8

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