加快兵团农机推广体系建设的对策研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 23:34

本文选题：农业机械化 + 推广体系　；参考：《石河子大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：农机技术推广,是将机械化使用的科学技术以及农机化的科学研究成果,通过不断的试验、引进、宣传、示范、培训以及传授等相互结合的一种社会化的服务,是提高农业机械化水平的重要途径。农机推广体系就是引导农民使用先进农业机械化技术、开展推广服务的重要力量。近年来,我国陆续颁布了多部农业机械化法律法规,保障了我国的农机化快速健康发展。在政策推动下,国家不断强化农机科技研发及示范推广工作,各地大力推进先进适用的农机化技术,我国的农机装备水平、农机化作业水平不断提高;农机化技术水平大幅提升;在基层农机化推广体系改革的推进下,农机化服务水平也得到增强。然而,由于现阶段农机技术使用成本偏高,农机技术推广投入不足,制约了我国农机推广体系的建设发展。论文就新疆兵团农机推广体系发展进行研究,对加快新疆兵团农机推广体系建设具有一定的参考意义。论文对新疆兵团兵师团三级农机推广体系的发展历程、管理机制、发挥作用进行了调查研究,找出新疆兵团农机推广体系在发展的各个阶段及当前农业生产中的促进作用;通过对国外农机推广体系建设的分析、国内其他省区农机推广体系改革创新的典型案例以及新疆兵团诸多专家学者针对新疆兵团农业机械化现状及未来的展望所做的研究进行总结,发掘加快新疆兵团农机推广体系发展的途径。运用定性及比较分析法,重点分析了新疆兵团农机推广体系在农业现代化进程中做出的成效、存在的问题,从中归纳出新疆兵团农机推广体系的优劣势和当前发展中面临的机遇、挑战。新疆兵团农机推广体系现阶段的优势在于自上而下准军事化垂直管理的模式,使每一项重大的决策都能层层下达到基层,得到认真落实;具有实力雄厚的农业机械化科研力量;农业机械化发展基础较好,且机械化程度较高。劣势在于农业机械化投入观念及机制陈旧,农机技术推广经费短缺;市场经济的不断完善,政策为主导的新疆兵团农机推广组织体系已不能适应职工利用农机新技术、新机具致富的迫切需求。面临当前机构改革、农业结构调整、国家陆续出台扶持政策等机遇,和经济体制改革转型以及多元化社会服务组织“井喷”式发展带来的一系列变化的挑战。论文提出了深刻领会农机推广的重要作用,落实完善相关法律法规、保障推广工作有序发展,加快农机推广人员队伍建设、创新推广方式、完善经费投入机制、搭建农机信息化平台、制定公益性单位的考核机制等建议。
[Abstract]:The extension of agricultural machinery technology is a socialized service that combines the science and technology used in mechanization and the scientific research of agricultural mechanization through continuous experiments, introduction, publicity, demonstration, training and teaching. It is an important way to improve the level of agricultural mechanization. Agricultural machinery extension system is an important force to guide farmers to use advanced agricultural mechanization technology and develop extension services. In recent years, many laws and regulations of agricultural mechanization have been promulgated in China to ensure the rapid and healthy development of agricultural mechanization. Under the promotion of policies, the state has continuously strengthened the research and development of agricultural machinery science and technology and demonstration and extension work, and all localities have vigorously promoted the advanced and applicable agricultural mechanization technology, and the level of agricultural machinery equipment and agricultural mechanization operation in our country has been continuously improved; The level of agricultural mechanization technology has been greatly improved, and the service level of agricultural mechanization service has also been enhanced under the promotion of grass-roots agricultural mechanization extension system reform. However, the construction and development of agricultural machinery extension system in China is restricted because of the high cost of agricultural machinery technology and insufficient investment in agricultural machinery technology popularization at the present stage. This paper studies the development of Xinjiang bingtuan agricultural machinery extension system, which has certain reference significance for speeding up the construction of Xinjiang bingtuan agricultural machinery extension system. The paper investigates and studies the development course, management mechanism and function of the three-level agricultural machinery extension system of Xinjiang Corps, and finds out the promoting role of Xinjiang Corps agricultural machinery extension system in each stage of development and in current agricultural production. Through the analysis of the construction of agricultural machinery extension system abroad, The typical cases of agricultural machinery extension system reform and innovation in other provinces and regions in China, as well as the research done by many experts and scholars of Xinjiang Bingtuan in view of the present situation and future prospects of agricultural mechanization in Xinjiang Bingtuan are summarized. Explore the way to speed up the development of Xinjiang bingtuan agricultural machinery extension system. By using qualitative and comparative analysis, the paper emphatically analyzes the achievements and problems of Xinjiang bingtuan agricultural machinery extension system in the process of agricultural modernization. The advantages and disadvantages of Xinjiang bingtuan agricultural machinery extension system and the opportunities and challenges in the current development are summarized. The advantage of Xinjiang bingtuan agricultural machinery extension system at the present stage lies in the vertical management model of quasi-militarization from top to bottom, which enables every important decision to be carried out at the grass-roots level, and has a strong scientific research force of agricultural mechanization. Agricultural mechanization development foundation is good, and mechanization degree is higher. The disadvantage lies in the outmoded concept and mechanism of agricultural mechanization, the shortage of funds for agricultural machinery technology extension, the continuous improvement of the market economy and the policy leading organization system for agricultural machinery extension in Xinjiang, which can no longer adapt to the use of the new agricultural machinery technology by workers and staff. There is an urgent need for new tools to get rich. In the face of the current institutional reform, the adjustment of agricultural structure, the introduction of supporting policies, and a series of challenges brought about by the transformation of economic system reform and the "blowout" development of diversified social service organizations. The paper puts forward to deeply understand the important role of agricultural machinery extension, to implement and perfect relevant laws and regulations, to ensure the orderly development of extension work, to speed up the construction of agricultural machinery extension personnel, to innovate extension methods, and to perfect the funding investment mechanism. Set up agricultural machinery information platform, the establishment of public welfare units assessment mechanism and other suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F323.3

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