淮南市农村最低生活保障制度研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 06:11

本文选题：农村低保 + 支出型贫困　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：农村最低生活保障制度是农民社会保障体系中最后一道安全网,当农民及其家庭在遇到疾病、灾难、失业、丧失劳动能力、年老等各种情况而出现不能维持最基本的生活时,它能保证这些人群不会失去最基本的生活保障,对于保障农村居民的生活水平和质量、帮助贫困人口实现脱贫都有一定的积极作用。国内外都有一些关于农村低保制度的研究成果。农村最低生活保障制度自建立以来在维护社会安定、缩小贫富差距、实现社会公平正义、促进社会主义新农村建设等方面发挥了重要作用。农村低保制度具有保障对象、保障标准和保障主体的特定性。淮南市是安徽省区域中心城市、重要的工业城市,中国新型能源基地,2005年在安徽省率先建立了农村低保制度,制度自建立以来不断发展完善,运行良好。本文运用数据分析了淮南市农村低保的现状,从中可以看出淮南市农村低保保障标准不断提高,保障覆盖面总体上升,资金投入力度不断加大,取得了显著的社会效益,赢得了广大农村群众的一致欢迎和认可。但是,在农村低保制度的政策设计层面与政策实施层面也存在一些问题。在政策设计层面,存在支出型贫困人群未被纳入低保、制度本身易造成贫困陷阱、城乡低保标准不统一等问题。在政策实施层面存在采取简单分档的办法确定救助标准、公示制度流于形式、审批办理时间冗长等问题。这些问题,有的是各地农村低保的共性问题,也有淮南市农村低保中表现较突出的问题。通过对以上问题进行深入的原因分析,发现既有政策本身的目标定位问题,也有经济社会制度、财政压力等客观原因,更有利益驱使、经办人员素质参差不齐等其他因素。据此,本人提出将农村支出型贫困人群纳入农村低保、改革补差型救助模式、统筹城乡低保、完善农村居民家庭收入核算方法、严格落实公示制度、限时办结制度等对策,以提高目前淮南市农村低保制度的运行效率,也为其他地区农村低保制度的发展完善提供一些借鉴。
[Abstract]:The minimum living security system in rural areas is the last safety net in the social security system of farmers. When farmers and their families encounter diseases, disasters, unemployment, incapacity to work, old age and other conditions, they cannot maintain a basic life. It can ensure that these people will not lose the most basic living security, and has a positive effect on ensuring the living standard and quality of rural residents and helping the poor people to achieve poverty relief. At home and abroad, there are some research results on the rural minimum security system. Since its establishment, the rural minimum living security system has played an important role in maintaining social stability, narrowing the gap between the rich and the poor, realizing social equity and justice, and promoting the construction of a new socialist countryside. The rural minimum security system has the characteristics of guarantee object, guarantee standard and guarantee subject. Huainan City is a regional center city of Anhui Province, an important industrial city, a new type of energy base in China. In 2005, Huainan City took the lead in establishing the rural minimum security system in Anhui Province. This paper analyzes the current situation of rural minimum living security in Huainan City by using data, from which we can see that the rural minimum security standard of Huainan City has been continuously improved, the coverage of the guarantee has risen overall, the investment of funds has been continuously increased, and remarkable social benefits have been achieved. Has won the broad masses of rural people's unanimous welcome and recognition. However, there are some problems in the policy design and policy implementation of the rural minimum security system. At the level of policy design, there are some problems such as the expenditure type poor people are not included in the minimum living standard, the system itself is apt to cause the poverty trap, and the standard of urban and rural minimum living standard is not uniform and so on. At the level of policy implementation, there are some problems, such as the adoption of simple filing method to determine the rescue standard, the mere formality of the publicity system, and the lengthy processing time for examination and approval. Some of these problems are common problems in rural areas, but there are also some outstanding problems in Huainan City. By analyzing the causes of the above problems, it is found that there are not only the target orientation of the policy itself, but also the objective reasons such as economic and social system, financial pressure and so on. Accordingly, I put forward some countermeasures such as bringing the rural expensed poor people into the rural minimum living standard, reforming the pattern of supplementary assistance, coordinating the urban and rural minimum living standards, perfecting the methods of household income accounting for rural residents, strictly implementing the public announcement system, and completing the system of limiting time, etc. In order to improve the operating efficiency of the rural minimum security system in Huainan City, it also provides some reference for the development and perfection of the rural minimum security system in other areas.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.89

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