中国农村居民收入差距与代际传递效应

发布时间：2018-06-25 07:52

本文选题：收入差距 + 代际传递　；参考：《湖南农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年05期

【摘要】：基于中国居民健康和营养调查(CHNS)1989—2011年数据,从时间序列和世代视角对农村居民收入差距的代际传递效应进行了分析。结果表明:从时间序列视角看,子代教育与职业是父代收入影响子代收入差距的两条重要路径。在子代收入决定因素中,职业因素更为重要,平均而言,该因素解释了总影响的24%。但是2004年以来这种影响有所下降,直接带来子代收入差距的好转。从世代视角看,与60后和70后相比,父代收入对80后子代的影响程度有所下降,最终使得在父代收入差距依然较大的情况下,80后子代的收入差距有所好转。总的来说,农村地区子代受父代影响有所下降,且收入差距程度也有所缓解。但是政府仍然需要谨慎,应该努力保证各个阶层子代,尤其是经济收入处于劣势阶层的子代拥有较为公平的受教育机会及就业机会,从而使得各个阶层子代收入的高低更多地由自身的努力程度所决定。
[Abstract]:Based on the data of China resident Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) from 1989 to 2011, the intergenerational transmission effect of income gap among rural residents was analyzed from the perspective of time series and generations. The results show that: from the perspective of time series, education and occupation are two important ways for parents' income to influence the income gap of their children. Among the determinants of income, occupation is more important. On average, it explains 24 percent of the total effect. However, this effect has declined since 2004, directly bringing about the improvement of income gap. From the perspective of generations, compared with the post-60s and 70s, the degree of the influence of the income of the post-80s generation on the post-80s generation is reduced, and finally, the income gap of the post-80s generation is improved under the condition that the income gap of the post-80s generation is still large. In general, the children in rural areas were affected by the paternity, and the income gap was also alleviated. However, the government still needs to be careful. It should strive to ensure that all generations of children, especially those with disadvantaged incomes, have more equitable access to education and employment opportunities. As a result, the income of each class is determined more by their own efforts.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所;南京财经大学经济学院;
【基金】：教育部青年基金项目(17YJC63008) 江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究基金项目(2017SJB0241)
【分类号】：D422.6;F323.8

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