城镇化进程中宝坻区失地农民就业保障研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 01:02

本文选题：城镇化 + 宝坻区　；参考：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城镇化是现代化社会发展的必然过程和重要阶段,在城镇化进程中,会有着诸多问题出现,其中因征地造成的失地农民就业保障问题十分突出,若对失地农民就业保障问题处理不当,会影响城镇化进度,搅乱正常社会秩序,严重的会引发对政府冲击造成社会动荡,因此安抚失地农民,他们的就业保障问题必须得到妥善解决。在经济高速发展的今天,我国城镇规模不断扩大,原有城镇用地面积早已占用,城镇化开发已经向城镇周边扩展,大量农村土地在城镇化进程中被占用,很多农民变成失地者,土地征用给这些农民就业造成很大影响。失地农民是社会发展进程中必然出现的一类社会群体,这种群体的出现体现了社会发展阶段工农业之间的转换、社会劳动力的再分配。失地农民在离开农村进入城镇后,引发住房、工作、生活等一系列社会问题。农民原有的土地能给他们带来发展生存保障,在土地产权变更后这种生活保障消失,大多数失地农民无法享受土地升值带来的利益。作为弱势群体,失地农民进入城镇,在激烈的市场竞争中很难依靠自己的力量生存和发展,这样就会对社会造成一系列问题,影响我国经济发展,甚至危及社会安定团结,正因如此,对失地农民的就业问题展开研究有着非常重要的意义。天津市宝坻区近几年来经济发展较快,城区规模不断向外延伸,在城市建设过程中占用大量农村集体土地,大量农民脱离农村进入城镇。由于这些失地农民技能掌握较少、文化水平较低,长期农村生活习惯导致他们对城市生活很难适应。诸多因素导致这些人就业困难。基于此,本文从对天津市宝坻区失地农民就业保障进行研究调查分析,从社会因素、制度因素、市场因素和个人因素探讨失地农民就业保障问题,通过论证得知,良好的社会保障体系、完善的就业安置机制、健全的土地补偿政策、全面的就业培训制度是解决失地农民就业保障问题的关键。最后根据所得结论,提出缓解失地农民就业压力的政策建议:健全失地农民的最低保障体系、对失地农民创业进行制度支持、健全失地农民补偿机制、建立多元化的就业培训机制,只有这样才能有效解决失地农民就业保障问题。
[Abstract]:Urbanization is an inevitable process and an important stage in the development of modern society. In the process of urbanization, there will be many problems, among which the problem of employment security for landless farmers caused by land requisition is very prominent. If the problem of employment security for landless farmers is not properly handled, it will affect the progress of urbanization, disturb the normal social order, and seriously cause social unrest to the government, thus appeasing the land-losing peasants. Their job security problem must be properly solved. With the rapid development of economy, the scale of cities and towns in our country is constantly expanding, the original urban land area has already been occupied, the development of urbanization has expanded to the periphery of cities and towns, a large number of rural land has been occupied in the process of urbanization, and many farmers have become landless. Land expropriation has had a great impact on the employment of these farmers. The landless peasants are a kind of social group that must appear in the process of social development. The emergence of this kind of group reflects the transformation between industry and agriculture in the stage of social development and the redistribution of social labor force. After leaving the countryside and entering the town, the landless peasants cause a series of social problems, such as housing, work, life and so on. The farmers' original land can bring them the security of survival and development. After the change of the land property right, this kind of living security disappears, and most of the landless peasants can not enjoy the benefits brought by the land appreciation. As a vulnerable group, landless peasants entering cities and towns are hard to rely on their own strength to survive and develop in the fierce market competition. This will cause a series of problems to the society, affect the economic development of our country, and even endanger social stability and unity. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the employment of landless farmers. The economy of Baodi District of Tianjin is developing rapidly in recent years, the scale of urban area is constantly extending outward, a lot of rural collective land is occupied in the process of urban construction, and a large number of peasants leave the countryside to enter into town. Because these land-lost farmers have less skills and lower education level, it is difficult for them to adapt to urban life due to their long-term rural life habits. Many factors make it difficult for these people to find jobs. Based on this, this paper investigates and analyzes the employment security of landless farmers in Baodi District of Tianjin, discusses the employment security of landless farmers from social factors, institutional factors, market factors and individual factors, and finds out by demonstration that, A good social security system, a perfect employment resettlement mechanism, a sound land compensation policy and a comprehensive employment training system are the key to solve the problem of employment security for landless farmers. Finally, according to the conclusions, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to alleviate the employment pressure of land-lost farmers: to perfect the minimum security system of land-lost farmers, to carry on the system support to the land-lost farmers' entrepreneurship, and to perfect the compensation mechanism of land-lost farmers. Only by establishing diversified employment training mechanism can we effectively solve the problem of employment security for landless farmers.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F249.27;F323.6

【参考文献】