农业转移人口市民化成本测算及分担机制研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 22:29

本文选题：农业转移人口市民化 + 成本测算　；参考：《广西师范学院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：农业转移人口市民化是我国新型城镇化进程的首要任务,在我国推进城镇化的进程中,受城乡二元分治制度的影响,农业转移人口在城市就业、城市收入、城市居住、社会保障、权益维护等方面还无法享受到与城市市民相同的水平,无法转化成真正意义上的市民,导致了城镇化进程快于市民化进程,不利于和谐社会的构建。因此我国迫切需要解决市民化问题,推动市民化与城镇化同步发展。然而成本问题是制约我国农业转移人口市民化进程的核心障碍,实现农业转移人口向城市市民转化面临着极其庞大的成本,需要政府、企业和农业转移人口多方共同分担。因此,对农业转移人口市民化进行成本测算,并提出合理的成本分担机制具有较强的现实意义。本文基于相关的市民化内涵和理论基础,立足于广西市民化的现状和难题,构建基础设施建设成本、公共服务成本、生活成本、保障性住房成本、住房成本、随迁子女教育成本、技能培训成本、社会保障成本、机会成本和就业歧视成本10个指标对市民化成本进行测算。根据测算结果,推动农业转移人口转化为真正城市市民需要的人均年资金为24.32万元,政府需要承担12.37万元,其中中央政府需要承担6.68万元,地方政府需要承担5.69万元,政府需要承担的比例为50.86%；企业需要承担1.09万元,占比4.48%；农业转移人口需要承担10.86万元,占比44.66%从各子成本来看,基础设施建设成本、保障性住房成本、社会保障成本和住房成本是构成市民化总成本的主体部分。庞大的市民化成本需要政府、企业和农业转移人口三方共同分担,中央政府、省级政府和市县级政府要各司其职,明确各自的分担责任,在市民化成本分担中发挥主导作用。企业是为农业转移人口提供就业岗位的机构,在市民化成本分担中发挥引导作用。农业转移人口是市民化进程的最大受益者,但分担能力较弱,在市民化成本中发挥协助作用。同时为了更好保障政府、企业和农业转移人口在市民化成本分担机制中的作用,需要合理划定事权和财权,构建财政转移支付与市民化数量挂钩机制；明确各级地方政府分担责任,完善资金平衡机制；撬动社会资本参与成本分担,创新政府与社会组织合作机制,引导企业重视社会责任,健全农业转移人口利益保护机制。
[Abstract]:The urbanization of agricultural transfer population is the primary task of the new urbanization process in our country. In the process of promoting urbanization in our country, under the influence of urban-rural dual division and control system, the agricultural transfer population is employed in urban areas, urban income, and urban residence. Social security, rights and interests maintenance and other aspects can not enjoy the same level as urban citizens, can not be transformed into the real sense of the citizens, resulting in the process of urbanization faster than the process of citizenship, which is not conducive to the construction of a harmonious society. Therefore, it is urgent for China to solve the problem of urbanization and promote the simultaneous development of urbanization and urbanization. However, the cost problem is the core obstacle that restricts the urbanization process of the agricultural transfer population in our country. The realization of the transformation of the agricultural transfer population to the urban citizens faces a huge cost, which requires the government, enterprises and the agricultural transfer population to share in many ways. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to estimate the cost of popularizing the agricultural transfer population and to put forward a reasonable cost sharing mechanism. Based on the relevant connotation and theoretical basis of citizenship, this paper is based on the current situation and problems of Guangxi's urbanization, and constructs the cost of infrastructure construction, public service, living, and affordable housing. The cost of education, skill training, social security, opportunity cost and employment discrimination cost are 10 indexes to measure the cost of the city's citizenship with the moving children's education cost, skill training cost, social security cost, opportunity cost and employment discrimination cost. According to the results of the calculation, the per capita annual capital required to promote the transfer of population from agriculture to real urban residents is 243200 yuan per person, 123700 yuan for the government, 66800 yuan for the central government, and 56900 yuan for the local government. The proportion to be borne by the government is 50.86 yuan; enterprises need to bear 10900 yuan, accounting for 4.48. the population of agricultural transfer needs to bear 108600 yuan, accounting for 44.66% of the total costs of infrastructure construction and affordable housing. The cost of social security and housing is the main part of the total cost of citizen. The huge citizen cost needs the government, the enterprise and the agricultural transfer population tripartite sharing, the central government, the provincial government and the city and county level government should each perform its duty, clear respective sharing responsibility, in the city citizen cost sharing plays the leading role. The enterprise is the organization which provides the employment position for the agricultural transfer population, and plays a leading role in the cost sharing of the city. Agricultural population transfer is the biggest beneficiary of the process of urbanization, but its ability to share is weak, and it plays a helping role in the cost of citizen. At the same time, in order to better protect the role of the government, enterprises and agricultural transfer population in the cost sharing mechanism, it is necessary to reasonably define the right of affairs and financial rights, and build a financial transfer payment and the number of citizens linked to the mechanism; It is clear that local governments at all levels share responsibilities, improve the mechanism of fund balance, leverage the participation of social capital in cost sharing, innovate the cooperative mechanism between government and social organizations, guide enterprises to attach importance to social responsibility, and improve the mechanism of protecting the interests of agricultural transfer population.
【学位授予单位】：广西师范学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F323.6;F299.2

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