基于生态系统服务视角的“土地分离与共享框架”解析

发布时间：2018-07-06 15:35

本文选题：土地分离与共享 + 生态系统服务　；参考：《地理科学进展》2016年09期

【摘要】："土地分离和共享框架"是协调物质生产和生态保护、促进土地可持续利用的重要理论。本文梳理了"土地分离与共享框架"和生态系统服务间关联,剖析生态系统服务应用于该框架的理论基础,结合美国典型土地共享案例,分析了土地利用策略选择对粮食生产、生物多样性、直接和间接生态系统服务的影响,并探讨了该框架对中国生态系统工程的启示。结果表明:随着人类对土地功能认知的不断深入,"土地分离与共享框架"的拓展表现为从单一的粮食供给服务需求演进到粮食供给服务和其他生态系统服务的综合需求。当粮食供给服务与其他服务处于权衡状态时,在生态脆弱、恢复力差的地区,不同生态系统服务间多处于凸权衡关系,一般适宜采用分离策略;在生态系统稳定、恢复力强的地区,不同生态系统服务多处于凹权衡关系,一般适宜采用共享策略。结合美国典型土地共享案例发现,其土地利用实践中选择土地功能共享策略是比较适宜的;生态系统服务作为政策评估工具,可在策略选择和评估实施效果中发挥一定作用。研究结果可为可持续土地利用提供理论与方法支撑,并为中国制定土地利用策略提供参考。
[Abstract]:Land separation and sharing framework is an important theory to coordinate material production and ecological protection and promote sustainable land use. This paper combs the relationship between land separation and sharing framework and ecosystem services, analyzes the theoretical basis of ecosystem services applied to the framework, and analyzes the choice of land use strategies for grain production in the light of typical land sharing cases in the United States. The effects of biodiversity, direct and indirect ecosystem services, and the implications of the framework for ecosystem engineering in China are discussed. The results show that with the deepening of human cognition of land function, the expansion of the "land separation and sharing framework" is characterized by the evolution from a single demand for food supply services to a comprehensive demand for food supply services and other ecosystem services. When food supply services and other services are in a trade-off state, in areas with fragile ecology and poor resilience, there is a convex trade-off relationship between different ecosystem services, so it is generally appropriate to adopt a separation strategy. In areas with strong resilience, different ecosystem services are in a concave trade-off relationship and are generally suitable for sharing strategies. Combined with typical land sharing cases in the United States, it is found that it is more appropriate to select land function sharing strategies in land use practice, and ecosystem services as a policy assessment tool can play a role in strategy selection and evaluation of implementation effect. The results can provide theoretical and methodological support for sustainable land use and provide a reference for the formulation of land use strategies in China.
【作者单位】：中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院;北京大学城市与环境学院地表过程与模拟教育部重点实验室;中国农业大学资源与环境学院土地资源管理系;国土资源部农用地质量与监控重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41271102,41501087)~~
【分类号】：F301

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