基于区位条件分析的辉南县农村居民点整理模式选择

发布时间：2018-07-12 19:43

本文选题：农村居民点 + 整理模式　；参考：《吉林农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是一个人口大国,幅员辽阔,改革开放以来,随着社会经济的发展以及城镇化的不断推进,为了城乡建设越来越多的农村土地转变为建设用地,耕地数量不断下降,耕地质量也下降的严重。为了解决这一棘手问题,国家近几年严格出台保护耕地等政策,一定要严格坚守18亿亩耕地红线保持耕地数量的动态平衡。在进行土地综合整理工作中,农村居民点整理问题有着举足轻重的位置,是完善城乡一体化过程中的重点研究问题。现阶段,我国农村居民点布局散乱,存在严重滥用土地等现象,采取合适的居民点整理模式进行整治是优化居民点布局最有效的办法,这不仅需要政府的支持帮助,同时需要全民的共同行动。由于居民点的形成、发展以及布局离不开区位因素,因此根据居民点内的区位条件的优劣程度选定整理模式是最有效、最科学的。本文主要运用文献资料研究法、定量与定性相结合法、层次分析法、ArcGIS空间分析法,以吉林省通化市辉南县为对象,充分了解研究区域的基本情况并进行概括。将影响区位条件的因素分为自然环境与社会经济因素,分别选取距离河流距离、公路距离、建制镇距离等13个指标建立农村居民点区位评价指标体系,根据辉南县土地利用数据库利用ArcGIS10.2软件中的NERA工具和统计功能,分析计算并汇总各指标数据。由于指标数据的单位不同,不容易进行比较,我们采用归一化方法处理数据并制定区位指标分级标准。在确定各指标权重时,我们采用的是Yaahp10.5软件确定层次结构后构建判断矩阵计算权重。计算区位总分值时,通过公式将各指标的权重加权求和再利用ArcGIS10.2将其叠加处理,选择区位总分值频率突变点作为区间划分的临界点,最后根据区位总分值划分5个等级,并根据研究区域的实际情况以及发展规划,制定出符合区域的五种模型:提升发展型、持续留存型、原址挖潜型、迁村归一型、集体迁居型。最后根据实际居民点整理工作出现的问题,提出合理的对策与建议。
[Abstract]:China is a populous country with a vast territory. Since the reform and opening up, with the development of social economy and urbanization, more and more rural land has been transformed into construction land for urban and rural construction, and the amount of cultivated land has been declining. The quality of cultivated land has also declined seriously. In order to solve this thorny problem, the government has strictly introduced the policy of protecting cultivated land in recent years, and must strictly adhere to the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land to maintain the dynamic balance of cultivated land quantity. In the process of land consolidation, rural residential land consolidation plays an important role in the process of improving the integration of urban and rural areas. At the present stage, the distribution of rural residential areas in our country is scattered, there is serious abuse of land and so on. It is the most effective method to optimize the distribution of residential areas by adopting the appropriate settlement consolidation mode, which not only needs the support of the government, but also needs the help of the government. At the same time, the common action of the whole people is needed. As the formation, development and layout of residential areas can not be separated from location factors, it is most effective and scientific to select the sorting mode according to the degree of location conditions in residential areas. This article mainly uses the literature research method, the quantitative and qualitative combination method, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the ArcGIS spatial analysis method, takes Tonghua City Huinan County, Jilin Province as the object, fully understands the basic situation of the research area and carries on the summary. The factors affecting the location conditions are divided into natural environment and social and economic factors, and 13 indexes, such as distance from rivers, roads and towns, are selected to establish the evaluation index system of rural residential location. According to the Nera tool and statistical function of ArcGIS10.2 software, the land use database of Huinan County is used to analyze and calculate and summarize the data of each index. Because the units of index data are different, it is not easy to compare, so we adopt the normalized method to deal with the data and establish the classification standard of location index. In determining the weights of each index, we use Yaahp 10.5 software to construct a judgment matrix to calculate the weights after determining the hierarchical structure. In the calculation of the total location score, the weighted sum of the weights of each index is calculated by the formula and then superposed by ArcGIS10.2, and the frequency catastrophe point of the total location score is selected as the critical point of the interval division. Finally, five grades are divided according to the total location score. According to the actual situation of the study area and the development plan, five kinds of models are worked out according to the region: promotion development type, continuous retention type, original site tapping type, moving village type to one type, collective moving type. Finally, according to the problems existing in the consolidation of residential areas, reasonable countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F321.1

【参考文献】