陕西省麟游县农户可持续性生计问题的研究

发布时间：2018-07-23 16:35

【摘要】：“三农”问题一直是国家发展过程中重点关注的问题,“十三五”以来,国家将“三农”问题的重点放在发展农业与促使农村脱贫相结合上面来。结合当今相关研究成果,综合当今政策,立足于农村的实际,不断提高农户生计资本量、持续促进农户生计策略多样性、努力提高农民收入、继续立足于强农重农的目标不改变就显得尤为重要。本研究从陕西省麟游县农村地区实际情况出发,依照科学性原则,基于英国国际发展署(DFID)的可持续生计分析框架(SLA),依据研究区域实际情况,有选择的运用其中部分内容,构建了用于贫困地区的农户生计研究的结构方程模型(SEM)。本研究运用陕西省麟游县实地调研数据,共调研7个乡镇30个行政村,共得有效问卷280份。基于可持续性生计分析框架,本研究主要从自然、人力、物质、金融四大生计资本出发,与生计策略、生计结果一起,构建了生计资本—生计策略—生计结果研究框架,分析贫困地区农户生计框架中要素之间的影响机制;从多角度研究增加农户收入的途径。本文运用统计学软件SPSS20.0及AMOS20.0,对数据进行统计分析与结构方程验证,探究三者之间的复杂关系。研究结果表明:人力、物质两种资本对技能培训、兼业经营这两种生计策略产生直接的正向影响作用,并且两者分别从直接和间接两个方面对收入增加这项生计结果产生正向的影响;金融资本对技能培训这项生计策略无显著性影响,对兼业经营这种生计策略产生直接的正向影响,并且金融资本从直接和间接两个方面对收入增加产生正向影响。自然资本对生计策略中兼业经营产生直接负向影响,对技能培训产生直接正向影响,对收入增加影响不显著。故从研究结果出发,可以验证出,生计资本(人力、物质、金融)的增加可以直接或者间接地提高收入,同时,技能培训和兼业经营这两种生计策略同样能够促进农户收入增加,这对于贫困地区的贫困状况改善具有一定的借鉴作用。结合本次研究结论,本文提出以下建议:应该多途径提高贫困地区农户生计资本存量,增加农户收入;提供多样化的技能培训机会,增强劳动者素质;创造提供多样化就业渠道,拓展兼业经营机会。
[Abstract]:Since the 13th Five-Year Plan, the state has focused on the development of agriculture and rural areas with a view to promoting rural poverty eradication. Combining with the relevant research results, synthesizing the current policy, based on the reality of the rural areas, increasing the farmers' livelihood capital, continuously promoting the diversity of farmers' livelihood strategies, and striving to improve the farmers' income. It is particularly important to continue to base on the goal of strengthening agriculture and paying attention to agriculture. This study starts from the actual situation of rural areas in Linyou County, Shaanxi Province, according to the scientific principle, based on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework of (DFID) of the British Agency for International Development, (SLA), according to the actual situation of the study region, selected use of some of the content. A structural equation model (SEM).) for the study of farmers' livelihood in poor areas was constructed. Based on the field data of Linyou County, Shaanxi Province, a total of 280 effective questionnaires were obtained from 30 administrative villages in 7 townships. Based on the sustainable livelihood analysis framework, this study mainly from the natural, human, material, financial four livelihood capital, and livelihood strategies, livelihood results, constructed a livelihood capital-livelihood strategy-livelihood outcome research framework. This paper analyzes the influencing mechanism among the factors in the framework of farmers' livelihood in poor areas, and studies the ways to increase farmers' income from various angles. In this paper, the statistical software SPSS20.0 and Amos 20.0 are used to analyze the data and verify the structure equation to explore the complex relationship between them. The results show that both human and material capital have direct positive effects on skills training and concurrent management. And both directly and indirectly had a positive impact on the livelihood outcome of income increase, while financial capital had no significant impact on skills training as a livelihood strategy. It has a direct positive impact on the livelihood strategy of concurrent business management, and financial capital has a positive impact on income increase from both direct and indirect aspects. Natural capital has a direct negative impact on concurrent business management in livelihood strategy, a direct positive impact on skills training, but no significant impact on income increase. Therefore, based on the results of the research, it can be verified that the increase in livelihood capital (human, material, financial) can directly or indirectly increase income, at the same time, The two livelihood strategies of skills training and concurrent operation can also promote the increase of farmers' income, which can be used for reference to improve the poverty situation in poor areas. Combined with the conclusions of this study, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: we should increase the stock of farmers' livelihood capital and increase the income of farmers in poverty-stricken areas, provide diversified skills training opportunities, and enhance the quality of workers; Create diversified employment channels and expand concurrent business opportunities.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.8

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