粮食主产区实施利益补偿的价值判断与政策导向

发布时间：2018-08-23 13:27

【摘要】：[目的]粮食安全是世界各国政府普遍关注的问题,都将其列为重中之重。粮食主产区是我国粮食生产的核心地带和关键区域,为保障国家粮食安全、协调区域发展,必须从国家战略角度出发,实施粮食主产区利益补偿理念,充分体现社会公平与正义的价值取向和主旨,为粮食安全提供坚实的区域基础。[方法]运用实证分析方法,借助统计年鉴,通过粮食产量、人均粮食产量、粮食播种面积、人均粮食播种面积、人均地区总产值、地区财政收入、人均地区财政收入、城镇化率、居民人均可支配收入等数据分析,比较13个粮食主产区和7个粮食主销区在10年间粮食生产和经济社会发展的客观现实差距。[结果]粮食主产区在粮食产量、粮食播种面积等方面的生产规模优势和生产能力显著,对我国经济社会贡献巨大;粮食具有准公共产品的属性,粮食主产区需要支付高额的生产费用,承担运输成本与储存成本,无法通过市场获得补偿;粮食产销区之间囿于主体功能与发展责任的迥异而导致经济差距较大,主要体现在人均地区总产值、地区财政收入、人均地区财政收入、城镇化率、居民人均可支配收入等差别。[结论]据此提出,必须实施粮食主产区利益补偿,需要完善粮食主产区利益补偿的价值选择与国家政策导向:应在中央政府、区域政府层面完善相应的政策:一是国家层面制定粮食主产区区域政策;二是完善产粮大县奖励政策;三提高财政转移支付力度与精准度;四是建立产销区利益联动机制;五是加强农业基础设施和公共事业建设等。
[Abstract]:Objective: food security is a major concern of governments all over the world. The main grain producing area is the core and key area of grain production in our country. In order to guarantee the national food security and coordinate the regional development, we must implement the idea of compensation for the benefit of the main grain producing area from the angle of national strategy. It fully embodies the value orientation and purport of social equity and justice, and provides a solid regional foundation for food security. [methods] by means of empirical analysis and statistical yearbooks, through grain yield, per capita grain yield, grain sown area, per capita regional gross output value, regional financial income, per capita regional financial income, By analyzing the urbanization rate and the per capita disposable income of the residents, the objective and realistic gap between the 13 major grain producing areas and the 7 main grain distribution areas in the past 10 years was compared with that of the economic and social development. [results] the major grain producing areas have significant advantages in production scale and production capacity in grain yield and grain planting area, and have made great contributions to China's economy and society, and grain has the attribute of quasi-public goods. Grain production areas need to pay high production costs, bear transportation and storage costs, can not be compensated through the market, grain production and marketing areas are limited to the main functions and development responsibilities, which lead to a large economic gap. It is mainly reflected in the differences of per capita regional gross output value, regional financial income, per capita regional financial income, urbanization rate and per capita disposable income of residents. [conclusion] according to the conclusion, it is necessary to implement the benefit compensation in the main grain producing areas, and to perfect the value choice and the national policy orientation of the benefit compensation in the main grain producing areas: it should be in the central government, Regional government level to improve the corresponding policies: first, the national level to formulate regional policies for major grain production areas; second, improve the grain production county incentive policy; third, improve the intensity and accuracy of financial transfer payments; fourth, establish the mechanism of benefit linkage between production and marketing areas; Fifth, strengthen agricultural infrastructure and public utility construction.
【作者单位】：东北农业大学马克思主义学院;东北农业大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“城乡统筹视阈下农地承包经营权流转制度创新研究”(12YJAZH157) 国家软科学研究计划重大合作项目“粮食主产区利益补偿及其机制创新”(2014GXS2D016) 国家自然科学基金项目“东北地区促进农地流转与农民增收机制及政策研究”(71341049)
【分类号】：F326.11

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