昌邑市蚕桑产业发展现状及其对策研究

发布时间：2018-08-25 11:42

【摘要】：我国是世界蚕桑产业的发源地,同时也是世界上蚕茧与生丝生产量最多的国家。山东省昌邑市是一座享誉五洲的丝绸古城,拥有着丰富而久远的种桑养蚕、缫丝织绸的历史,其精湛的技艺和完美的品质,一直传承着中华民族这五千多年来的灿烂文华和历史文明。而在现代工业飞速发展的今天,受国内外茧丝绸价格低迷的影响(梁丽华,2007),自上世纪90年代以后,昌邑市的蚕桑产业经历了由兴到衰的过程,尽管近几年由于国家政府的大力扶持、茧丝绸价格的上涨等原因,昌邑市蚕桑产业又呈现恢复性态势,但依旧存在许多问题。因此研究昌邑市蚕桑产业发展现状、存在的问题以及今后的发展对策具有重要的现实指导意义。在上述背景下,本研究通过资料搜集、实地调查等方法对昌邑市蚕桑产业的发展历史和现状进行了深入调查和分析,在此基础上剖析了制约昌邑市蚕桑产业发展的主要问题,最后提出了振兴昌邑市蚕桑业的发展对策和建议,以期为昌邑市蚕桑产业的持续、稳定、健康发展提供参考依据。研究结果表明,昌邑市具有发展蚕桑产业的自然资源和社会经济历史条件优势,但受到近几年国际市场的影响,无论在蚕桑业的规模与分布、丝绸产量、桑叶产量等方面均出现了较大幅度的下降情况。分析其原因认为昌邑市蚕桑产业发展主要存在以下几个问题:一是优惠政策不全面、未落实好,导致蚕农承担风险过大,影响蚕农种桑养蚕的积极性;二是资金投入不足,导致基础设施建设滞后,缺乏投入机制及其监管,尤其是在人才及技术上的投入不足;三是产业未形成一体化,产业链短,对蚕桑产业的产品、副产物的综合利用及研究开发不足,导致市场狭窄,不能开拓新的市场。为解决昌邑市蚕桑产业发展中存在的问题,依据昌邑地区蚕桑产业的发展优势,特提出了以下几点对策和建议:一是加强对蚕桑产业发展的重视程度,建立蚕桑产业发展专项基金,加大蚕桑产业投入力度;引进人才、科技创新,建立专项研究室,促进规模化养殖技术;税收、农资补贴、减免土地承包费用等优惠政策的落实;转变生产方式,建立合作社,加大保险投入,最大化降低蚕农风险。二是深化一体化改革,促进蚕桑产业转型升级,加大对蚕桑产品的深加工力度,延长产业链。三是以优质的产品,大力开拓新市场,让产品走出中国,走向世界。
[Abstract]:China is the birthplace of sericulture industry in the world, and the largest production of cocoon and raw silk in the world. Changyi City, Shandong Province, is a famous ancient silk city in Wuzhou. It has a rich and long history of breeding mulberry and silkworm, silk reeling and weaving silk, its exquisite skill and perfect quality. Has been the heritage of the Chinese nation over the past five thousand years of brilliant Wenhua and historical civilization. Today, with the rapid development of modern industry, affected by the low prices of cocoon and silk at home and abroad (Liang Li-hua 2007), since the 1990s, the sericulture industry in Changyi has experienced a process from prosperity to decline. Although in recent years, because of the strong support of the national government and the rising prices of cocoon and silk, the sericulture industry in Changyi presents a restorative trend, but there are still many problems. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the present situation, existing problems and future development countermeasures of sericulture industry in Changyi city. Under the above background, this research has carried on the thorough investigation and the analysis to the development history and the present situation of the sericulture industry of Changyi city through the methods of data collection and field investigation, and on this basis has analyzed the main question which restricts the development of the sericulture industry of Changyi city. Finally, the paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the development of the sericulture industry in Changyi city, in order to provide the reference for the sustainable, stable and healthy development of the sericulture industry in Changyi city. The results show that Changyi has the advantages of developing the natural resources and social economic and historical conditions of sericulture industry, but it is influenced by the international market in recent years, regardless of the scale and distribution of sericulture, silk production, The yield of mulberry leaves decreased by a large margin. It is believed that the main problems in the development of sericulture industry in Changyi are as follows: first, the preferential policies are not comprehensive and implemented, which leads to excessive risks for silkworm farmers, which affects the enthusiasm of silkworm farming and mulberry breeding, and the lack of investment in funds. As a result of lagging infrastructure construction and lack of investment mechanisms and supervision, especially in terms of personnel and technology, the third is that the industry is not integrated, the industrial chain is short, and the products of the sericulture industry are not formed. The comprehensive utilization and research and development of by-products lead to narrow market and can not open up new market. In order to solve the problems existing in the development of sericulture industry in Changyi city, according to the development advantages of sericulture industry in Changyi area, the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: first, to strengthen the attention to the development of sericulture industry, To establish a special fund for the development of sericulture industry, to increase the investment in sericulture industry, to introduce talents, scientific and technological innovation, to establish a special research office, to promote large-scale aquaculture technology, to implement preferential policies such as taxation, subsidies for agricultural resources, reduction and reduction of land contract fees, and so on; Change the mode of production, establish cooperatives, increase insurance investment, maximize and reduce the risk of silkworm farmers. Second, deepen the integration reform, promote the sericulture industry transformation and upgrade, intensify the deep processing of sericulture products, and prolong the industrial chain. Third, high-quality products, vigorously develop new markets, let products out of China, to the world.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.3

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