西安市农产品质量安全检测体系存在的问题与建设对策

发布时间：2018-08-31 11:25

【摘要】：21世纪以来,随着农产品质量安全问题受到社会普遍关注以及国际市场上农产品贸易竞争的日益激烈,农产品质量安全也成为了社会工作中的热点问题。如何建立与完善农产品质量安全体系,提高农产品质量检测能力和农产品质量安全管理水平,这对于保障我国农产品质量安全及提升农产品的国际竞争力具有重要意义。西安市农产品质量安全检测体系市级建设在设备、实验室和人员管理等方面积累了一些经验,但随着区县、乡镇以及农贸市场检测点的不断扩大完善,暴露出的诸多问题限制了农产品质量安全检验检测体系的完善与检测能力的提升,给民众的生活质量及生命安全带来了现实和潜在的风险。因此,本文围绕西安市农产品质量安全检验检测体系建设这一主题,对比国内外发达的管理模式和方法,针对目前西安市农产品质量安全检验检测体系的软硬件建设及运行模式,采用问卷调查、实地考察、查阅资料、比较分析等方法,进行了归纳分析,得出以下主要结论:1.西安市农产品质量安全检测体系存在管理机构设置重复,缺乏统一、协调的组织管理体制的状况,在管理层面上限制了农产品质量安全检验检测能力的提高,影响了农产品质量安全的监管效果。2.西安市农产品质量安全检测体系在检测技术层面上存在重硬件轻软件建设、设备使用率不高、专业检测技术人员严重缺乏和检测实践能力不强、人员结构不合理等问题,限制了农产品质检能力的提升。3.西安市农产品质量安全检测体系在运行机制上存在以政府强制性及例行性检测任务为主体任务、检测项目研发性不强、资源分散、经费保障能不力、基层硬件不适应等主要问题,在软件建设方面限制了农产品质量检测体系的建设完善。4.针对西安市农产品质量安全检测体系存在的问题,提出科学机构设置、创新管理机制、加强技术人员队伍建设、增加经费投入、实施动态评价、提高责任意识等应对策略和相应的有效管理措施,将为解决农产品检测体系建设过程和运行中潜在的问题,以及陕西省乃至全国农产品质量安全检验检测体系建设提供参考。
[Abstract]:Since the 21st century, the quality and safety of agricultural products have been paid more and more attention by the society and the competition of agricultural products trade in the international market has become increasingly fierce. The quality and safety of agricultural products has also become a hot issue in social work. How to establish and improve the quality and safety system of agricultural products, improve the ability of quality detection and quality safety management of agricultural products, which is of great significance to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products in China and to enhance the international competitiveness of agricultural products. The construction of the quality and safety inspection system for agricultural products in Xi'an has accumulated some experience in equipment, laboratories and personnel management, but with the continuous expansion and perfection of the inspection points in districts, counties, towns and farmers' markets, Many problems have been exposed which limit the perfection of the inspection system of agricultural products quality and safety and improve the ability of inspection, and bring real and potential risks to the quality of life and life safety of the people. Therefore, this paper focuses on the construction of quality and safety inspection and inspection system for agricultural products in Xi'an, and compares the developed management models and methods at home and abroad. In view of the hardware and software construction and operation mode of the inspection and detection system of agricultural products quality and safety in Xi'an at present, the methods of questionnaire survey, field investigation, reference data and comparative analysis were adopted, and the following main conclusions were obtained: 1. The system of quality and safety inspection of agricultural products in Xi'an has the status of duplicated management organization, lack of unified and coordinated organization and management system, which limits the improvement of inspection ability of quality and safety of agricultural products at the level of management. Affected the quality and safety of agricultural products regulatory effect. 2. The inspection system of quality and safety of agricultural products in Xi'an has the following problems: heavy hardware and light software construction, low utilization rate of equipment, serious lack of professional testing technicians, weak ability in testing practice, unreasonable personnel structure, etc. Restricted the agricultural product quality inspection ability enhancement. 3. In the operational mechanism of the quality and safety inspection system for agricultural products in Xi'an, the main task is the mandatory and routine inspection task of the government, the R & D of the testing project is not strong, the resources are scattered, and the funds can not be guaranteed effectively. The main problems, such as the inadaptability of basic level hardware, restrict the perfection of the quality inspection system of agricultural products in the aspect of software construction. In view of the problems existing in the inspection system of quality and safety of agricultural products in Xi'an, the paper puts forward scientific organization setting, innovating management mechanism, strengthening the construction of technical personnel, increasing the investment of funds, and carrying out dynamic evaluation. Improving responsibility consciousness and corresponding effective management measures will provide a reference for solving the potential problems in the construction process and operation of agricultural product inspection system, as well as the construction of agricultural product quality and safety inspection and inspection system in Shaanxi province and even in the whole country.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F322

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