黑龙江省松嫩平原县域农村土地整治成效评价研究
发布时间：2018-09-07 09:54
【摘要】：耕地作为我国最宝贵的资源,存在中低产田占比高、耕层土壤退化、利用结构不合理等问题,制约了我国“三农”发展和城乡一体化发展。土地整治是提高耕地质量、改善耕地生态环境的重要措施,也是耕地利用转方式调结构的有效途径。农村土地整治作为土地整治的主要类型之一,对于耕地利用、农民生产生活条件、耕地生态环境等具有区域调节、定向调节以及相机调节的作用。黑龙江省以建设农村土地整治示范省为契机,选定松嫩平原为重点建设区域,其对于推进农业现代化和黑龙省亿亩生态良田的建设均具有积极的作用。因此,探究农村土地整治成效以及阐释土地整治过程中存在的问题,对于后续科学合理的开展农村土地整治具有重要的意义。本文在了解国内外土地整治发展历史的基础上,针对土地整治评价的相关研究进行了较为系统地总结,阐释了土地整治成效的内涵,并对松嫩平原农村土地整治的整体特征进行分析,根据农村土地整治关键因子构建土地整治成效评价指标体系,运用模糊综合评价模型对各县市农村土地整治成效进行评价,通过对土地整治成效评价结果的分析,探究农村土地整治过程中存在的问题,进而提出科学的建议。本文主要研究结论如下:(1)黑龙江省松嫩平原内共有27个县市开展农村土地整治项目,项目数量总计82个,项目数量介于1-3个的县市共有17个。县市农村土地整治项目数量分配与区域资源禀赋、经济基础和社会要素具有重要联系。(2)松嫩平原农村土地整治建设总规模26.23万hm2,建设强度平均值为1.13,建设强度低于平均水平的县市居多,在空间分布上呈现“东西高、南北低”的特征。同时,松嫩平原农村土地整治总投资42.44亿元,建设难度平均值为1.64万元/hm2,建设难度低于平均水平的县市居多,在空间分布上呈现“东南-西北高,东北-西南低”的特征。(3)松嫩平原农村土地整治综合成效以三等成效居主导地位,但具有进一步提升成效水平的潜力,同时各县市间成效隶属度存在较大差异。从县市数量和建设规模角度来看,整治成效取得三等水平的县市都居主导地位。总体成效不高是因为松嫩平原基础条件差、改造难度大及整治成效见效慢。受基础条件、建设规模、投资额、建设内容等影响,各县市农村土地整治综合成效隶属度存在差异。(4)松嫩平原农村土地整治单项成效存在差异,且在保障国家粮食安全、节约集约利用资源、改善生产生活条件共三个方面的均具有提升成效的潜力。在单项成效方面,除在改善生产生活条件方面取得二等成效外,其余三项单项成效均取得三等水平。同时,在理论层面上,改善生产生活条件方面的单项成效可提升潜力相对较小,而在保障国家粮食安全、节约集约利用资源及保护生态环境方面所取得单项成效均具有较大提升潜力。(5)黑龙江省松嫩平原农村土地整治存在建设强度不高、部分区域整治成效不佳、整治成效系统性不高、部分地区整治成效稳定性不足及保护生态环境成效不高的问题,针对该类问题,建议从加大农村土地整治建设力度、促进各地农村土地整治均衡发展、推动农村土地整治向综合化发展、构建稳定的农村土地整治战略及农村土地整治向绿色化发展。
[Abstract]:As the most precious resource in our country, cultivated land has many problems, such as high proportion of middle and low yield fields, soil degradation and unreasonable utilization structure, which restrict the development of agriculture, rural areas and urban-rural integration. As one of the main types of land renovation, rural land renovation plays a role of regional adjustment, directional adjustment and organic adjustment for cultivated land utilization, farmers'production and living conditions, cultivated land ecological environment, etc. Therefore, it is of great significance for the following scientific and rational rural land consolidation to explore the effect of rural land consolidation and explain the problems in the process of land consolidation. This paper systematically summarizes the relevant research on land consolidation evaluation, explains the connotation of land consolidation effect, analyzes the overall characteristics of rural land consolidation in Songnen Plain, constructs the evaluation index system of land consolidation effect according to the key factors of rural land consolidation, and applies fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to the rural land of each county and city. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) There are 27 counties and cities in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province to carry out rural land improvement projects, the total number of projects is 82, the number of projects. There are 17 counties and cities ranging from 1 to 3. The distribution of counties and cities'rural land renovation projects is closely related to regional resource endowment, economic foundation and social factors. (2) The total scale of rural land renovation and construction in Songnen Plain is 262,300 hm2, and the average construction intensity is 1.13. Most counties and cities whose construction intensity is lower than the average are in spatial distribution. At the same time, the total investment in rural land consolidation in Songnen Plain is 4.244 billion yuan, the average difficulty of construction is 16.4 million yuan / hm2. Most of the counties and cities whose construction difficulty is lower than the average level show the characteristics of "southeast-northwest high, northeast-southwest low" in spatial distribution. (3) Comprehensive effect of rural land consolidation in Songnen Plain. In terms of the number of counties and cities and the scale of construction, the counties and cities that have achieved the third-class results are in the leading position. The overall effect is not high because of the poor basic conditions of Songnen Plain and the difficulty of transformation. Affected by basic conditions, construction scale, investment amount and construction content, there are differences in the subordinate degree of comprehensive effect of rural land consolidation among counties and cities. (4) There are differences in the single effect of rural land consolidation in Songnen Plain, and there are three factors in ensuring national food security, saving intensive use of resources and improving production and living conditions. Besides the second-class results in improving production and living conditions, the other three single results have achieved third-class results. At the same time, in theory, the single effect in improving production and living conditions can enhance the potential is relatively small, but in ensuring national food security, saving. Intensive use of resources and the protection of the ecological environment have great potential for improvement. (5) The rural land consolidation in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province has a low intensity of construction, poor results in some areas, low systematic results, insufficient stability in some areas and poor results in protecting the ecological environment. In view of these problems, it is suggested to strengthen the construction of rural land consolidation, promote the balanced development of rural land consolidation, promote the comprehensive development of rural land consolidation, construct a stable rural land consolidation strategy and develop rural land consolidation to green.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F301.2
，
本文编号：2227915
[Abstract]:As the most precious resource in our country, cultivated land has many problems, such as high proportion of middle and low yield fields, soil degradation and unreasonable utilization structure, which restrict the development of agriculture, rural areas and urban-rural integration. As one of the main types of land renovation, rural land renovation plays a role of regional adjustment, directional adjustment and organic adjustment for cultivated land utilization, farmers'production and living conditions, cultivated land ecological environment, etc. Therefore, it is of great significance for the following scientific and rational rural land consolidation to explore the effect of rural land consolidation and explain the problems in the process of land consolidation. This paper systematically summarizes the relevant research on land consolidation evaluation, explains the connotation of land consolidation effect, analyzes the overall characteristics of rural land consolidation in Songnen Plain, constructs the evaluation index system of land consolidation effect according to the key factors of rural land consolidation, and applies fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to the rural land of each county and city. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) There are 27 counties and cities in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province to carry out rural land improvement projects, the total number of projects is 82, the number of projects. There are 17 counties and cities ranging from 1 to 3. The distribution of counties and cities'rural land renovation projects is closely related to regional resource endowment, economic foundation and social factors. (2) The total scale of rural land renovation and construction in Songnen Plain is 262,300 hm2, and the average construction intensity is 1.13. Most counties and cities whose construction intensity is lower than the average are in spatial distribution. At the same time, the total investment in rural land consolidation in Songnen Plain is 4.244 billion yuan, the average difficulty of construction is 16.4 million yuan / hm2. Most of the counties and cities whose construction difficulty is lower than the average level show the characteristics of "southeast-northwest high, northeast-southwest low" in spatial distribution. (3) Comprehensive effect of rural land consolidation in Songnen Plain. In terms of the number of counties and cities and the scale of construction, the counties and cities that have achieved the third-class results are in the leading position. The overall effect is not high because of the poor basic conditions of Songnen Plain and the difficulty of transformation. Affected by basic conditions, construction scale, investment amount and construction content, there are differences in the subordinate degree of comprehensive effect of rural land consolidation among counties and cities. (4) There are differences in the single effect of rural land consolidation in Songnen Plain, and there are three factors in ensuring national food security, saving intensive use of resources and improving production and living conditions. Besides the second-class results in improving production and living conditions, the other three single results have achieved third-class results. At the same time, in theory, the single effect in improving production and living conditions can enhance the potential is relatively small, but in ensuring national food security, saving. Intensive use of resources and the protection of the ecological environment have great potential for improvement. (5) The rural land consolidation in Songnen Plain of Heilongjiang Province has a low intensity of construction, poor results in some areas, low systematic results, insufficient stability in some areas and poor results in protecting the ecological environment. In view of these problems, it is suggested to strengthen the construction of rural land consolidation, promote the balanced development of rural land consolidation, promote the comprehensive development of rural land consolidation, construct a stable rural land consolidation strategy and develop rural land consolidation to green.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F301.2
，
本文编号：2227915
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