菜农过量施用农药行为分析——以辽宁省蔬菜种植户为例

发布时间：2018-09-09 12:13

【摘要】：本文利用辽宁省396户菜农的调查数据,引入损害控制模型(Damage Control Model),研究了蔬菜种植户施用农药的边际生产率,同时利用Probit模型与OLS模型分析了影响菜农过量施用农药的主要因素。研究发现,在施药过程中有38.4%的菜农会超过说明书规定使用量,损害控制模型估计结果显示菜农施用农药的边际生产率接近0,表明菜农确实存在过量施用农药行为;影响菜农过量施用农药的因素主要有出售前检测、农药施用技术宣传指导、产量影响、价格影响、种植面积、收入来源等。应完善蔬菜市场体系,建立并形成优质优价机制,增强蔬菜质量安全信息的透明度,用价格机制和信誉机制来调整和约束菜农农药施用行为;提高政府规制水平,加强蔬菜销售终端检测力度,加大对菜农农药施用知识与技能的培训;加强新型农业经营主体培育,培育农业产业化联合体,提高菜农组织化程度,从而谋求农药施用量的减少。
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation data of 396 vegetable farmers in Liaoning province, the marginal productivity of pesticide application in vegetable growers was studied by introducing damage control model (Damage Control Model), and the main factors affecting the excessive application of pesticides by vegetable growers were analyzed by using Probit model and OLS model. It is found that 38.4% of vegetable farmers will exceed the amount specified in the specification, and the damage control model estimation results show that the marginal productivity of pesticide application is close to zero, indicating that the farmers do have excessive pesticide application behavior. The main factors affecting the excessive application of pesticides to vegetable farmers were pre-sale testing, technical guidance of pesticide application, effect of yield, effect of price, planting area, source of income and so on. It is necessary to perfect the vegetable market system, establish and form the high quality and high price mechanism, enhance the transparency of the quality and safety information of vegetables, adjust and restrain the behavior of vegetable farmers' pesticide application with price mechanism and credit mechanism, and raise the level of government regulation. To strengthen the detection of vegetable sales terminals, to increase the training of knowledge and skills in the application of vegetable farmers and pesticides, to strengthen the cultivation of new agricultural management subjects, to foster agricultural industrialization consortia, and to improve the degree of organization of vegetable farmers, In order to reduce the amount of pesticide application.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“信息获取、锚定调整与菜农使用农药行为转变:机理与实证”(编号:71473167)
【分类号】：F322

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