临安市家庭农场发展现状、问题与对策研究

发布时间：2018-09-11 15:33

【摘要】：家庭农场是发达国家农业现代化发展的基本组织模式,本文在对比分析国内外家庭农场经营实践与启示的基础上,以浙江省临安市为例,采用案例研究与农户调研相结合的方法,深入分析临安市家庭农场发展现状,剖析了临安市家庭农场发展过程中存在的问题与不足。在此基础上,提出了相关的对策建议。研究主要得出如下几点结论:(1)通过对比分析美国、德国、法国、日本等国家家庭农场的发展可见,家庭农场是发达国家农业现代化发展的主要模式。对我国而言,家庭农场发展有着深刻的现实意义和理论意义。家庭农场正逐渐成为农产品供给的重要主体、保障农产品质量安全的有效载体、培育新型农民的有效手段,是解决家庭联产承包责任制所暴露出来的弊端、加快现代农业发展的一个十分重要的途径。(2)近年来,临安市家庭农场取得了快速发展,呈现出复种指数高、经营品种多而散、家庭用工与雇工相当、全程机械化水平较高、土地规模经营、扶持政策配套全面等发展特点。家庭农场经济效益与经营规模大致存在倒“U”型关系,即家庭农场经济效益先是随着经营规模的扩大而提高,到一定规模时达到最大,随后又随着规模的扩大而减小。(3)临安市家庭农场发展在土地规模经营、生产资金、农场主综合素质、政策扶持与社会化服务等方面均暴露出一些问题,如土地流转期限较短、形式不规范、意愿较低下;生产资金需求大、筹集难;农场主老龄化、学历低、组织化程度低;补贴力度不够大、作用不强、政策实施管理成本过高、发放不规范,以及保险赔付率低、技术指导薄弱、信息宣传不畅、公共基础设施建设薄弱等问题。(4)推进临安市家庭农场健康可持续发展,需要进一步规范土地流转行为,推进家庭农场的规模经营;需要拓宽资金来源渠道,提高资金使用效率;需要依托培训强化管理,提高农场主执业能力;需要加大政策扶持力度,完善农业补贴政策;需要完善农业社会化服务体系,增强服务功能与能力。
[Abstract]:Family farm is the basic organization mode of agricultural modernization development in developed countries. Based on the comparative analysis of domestic and foreign family farm management practice and inspiration, this paper takes Linan City, Zhejiang Province as an example. By using the method of case study and peasant household investigation, the present situation of family farm development in Linan city is analyzed in depth, and the problems and shortcomings in the development process of family farm in Linan city are analyzed. On this basis, the relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) through the comparative analysis of the development of family farms in the United States, Germany, France, Japan and other countries, it can be seen that family farms are the main mode of agricultural modernization in developed countries. To our country, the family farm development has the profound realistic significance and the theory significance. Family farms are gradually becoming the main body of agricultural products supply, and the effective carrier to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products and the effective means to cultivate new farmers are to solve the problems exposed by the household contract responsibility system. It is a very important way to accelerate the development of modern agriculture. (2) in recent years, the family farm in Linan City has achieved rapid development, showing a high index of multiple cropping, a wide variety of management, and a high level of mechanization in the whole process. Land scale management, supporting policies supporting comprehensive development characteristics. The economic benefits of family farms are roughly related to the scale of operation. That is, the economic benefits of family farms increase with the expansion of the scale of operation, and reach the maximum at a certain scale. Then it decreases with the expansion of scale. (3) the development of family farm in Linan has exposed some problems in the aspects of land scale management, production fund, farmer's comprehensive quality, policy support and socialized service, such as the short term of land circulation, etc. The form is not standardized, the will is low; the production fund demand is big, the raise is difficult; the farmer aging, the educational background is low, the organization degree is low; the subsidy intensity is not big enough, the function is not strong, the policy implementation management cost is too high, the distribution is not standard, Problems such as low insurance indemnity rate, weak technical guidance, poor information and propaganda, weak public infrastructure construction, etc. (4) to promote healthy and sustainable development of family farms in Linan City, it is necessary to further standardize the behavior of land transfer. To promote the scale management of family farm, we need to broaden the channel of fund source and improve the efficiency of fund use; we need to rely on training to strengthen management and improve farmers' ability to practise; we need to strengthen policy support and improve the policy of agricultural subsidy. Need to perfect agricultural socialization service system, strengthen service function and ability.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F324.1

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