花生新品种的技术经济分析
发布时间：2018-10-15 12:47
【摘要】：本文首先基于2013年国家花生产业体系对花生种植户的问卷调查数据,对应用花生新品种所带来的经济效益的变化进行了研究分析,发现应用花生新品种的种植户花生收益相对较高。利用随机前沿模型测度比较发现应用花生新品种的样本种植户的技术效率要明显高于应用花生老品种的;在效率损失模型中,应用花生新品种对种植户生产水平的提高有显著的促进作用。本文通过建立VES生产函数模型计算发现应用花生新品种的种植户相较于应用老品种的种植户,在相同的资本与劳动投入下,花生产量有所增加,生产前沿面扩大;并利用资本与劳动边际生产率的变化,证明应用花生新品种能够给花生种植户带来非中性的劳动节约型技术进步。随后构建超越对数生产函数,比较分析了两组种植户在花生生产过程中种子、化肥、劳动力等投入要素的产出弹性,以及这些投入要素之间的替代弹性。发现应用花生新品种提高了种植户大部分投入要素的产出弹性,并使得化肥投入对劳动力投入由替代关系转变为互补关系。在应用花生新品种后,机械对其它投入要素的替代弹性值均有所增加;在普及花生新品种的同时,加大机械及相关技术设施的投入,会对劳动力产生明显的替代。此外其他要素投入之间的替代弹性值也均发生了不同程度的变化,说明应用花生新品种在—定程度上起到了合理配置花生生产要素投入的作用。在本文研究的基础上,对于推进花生新品种的普及提出—系列对策建议。
[Abstract]:Based on the questionnaire survey data of peanut growers conducted by the National Peanut Industry system in 2013, this paper studies and analyzes the changes of economic benefits brought by the application of new peanut varieties. It was found that peanut farmers with new peanut varieties had relatively higher peanut income. Compared with the random frontier model, it is found that the technical efficiency of the sample growers using the new peanut varieties is significantly higher than that of the old peanut varieties, and in the efficiency loss model, The application of new peanut varieties can significantly promote the improvement of farmers' production level. Through the calculation of VES production function model, it is found that the peanut yield increases and the production frontier expands under the same capital and labor input compared with the old varieties. By using the change of capital and labor marginal productivity, it is proved that the application of new peanut varieties can bring non-neutral labor-saving technological progress to peanut growers. Then, the output elasticity of seed, chemical fertilizer, labor force and the substitution elasticity between the two groups of growers in peanut production process were compared and analyzed by constructing a logarithmic production function. It is found that the application of new peanut varieties can improve the output elasticity of most input elements of farmers and change the input of chemical fertilizer to labor input from substitution relationship to complementary relationship. After the application of new peanut varieties, the value of substitution elasticity of machinery to other input elements has been increased, while popularizing new peanut varieties, increasing the input of machinery and related technical facilities will obviously replace the labor force. In addition, the value of substitution elasticity among other factors also changed in different degrees, indicating that the application of new peanut varieties played a role in rational allocation of peanut production factor input in a certain degree. On the basis of the research in this paper, a series of countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to promote the popularization of new peanut varieties.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F224;F326.12
本文编号：2272599
[Abstract]:Based on the questionnaire survey data of peanut growers conducted by the National Peanut Industry system in 2013, this paper studies and analyzes the changes of economic benefits brought by the application of new peanut varieties. It was found that peanut farmers with new peanut varieties had relatively higher peanut income. Compared with the random frontier model, it is found that the technical efficiency of the sample growers using the new peanut varieties is significantly higher than that of the old peanut varieties, and in the efficiency loss model, The application of new peanut varieties can significantly promote the improvement of farmers' production level. Through the calculation of VES production function model, it is found that the peanut yield increases and the production frontier expands under the same capital and labor input compared with the old varieties. By using the change of capital and labor marginal productivity, it is proved that the application of new peanut varieties can bring non-neutral labor-saving technological progress to peanut growers. Then, the output elasticity of seed, chemical fertilizer, labor force and the substitution elasticity between the two groups of growers in peanut production process were compared and analyzed by constructing a logarithmic production function. It is found that the application of new peanut varieties can improve the output elasticity of most input elements of farmers and change the input of chemical fertilizer to labor input from substitution relationship to complementary relationship. After the application of new peanut varieties, the value of substitution elasticity of machinery to other input elements has been increased, while popularizing new peanut varieties, increasing the input of machinery and related technical facilities will obviously replace the labor force. In addition, the value of substitution elasticity among other factors also changed in different degrees, indicating that the application of new peanut varieties played a role in rational allocation of peanut production factor input in a certain degree. On the basis of the research in this paper, a series of countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to promote the popularization of new peanut varieties.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F224;F326.12
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