农业劳动力年龄对土地流转的影响研究——来自CHIP2013的数据

发布时间：2018-11-01 13:10

【摘要】：土地流转是实现农业适度规模经营和农民增收的必经之路,而农业劳动力年龄偏高可能是抑制土地流转的重要因素。基于2013年中国家庭收入调查数据(CHIP2013),本文采用Logit模型考察了劳动力年龄与土地流转的关系。研究发现:当前中国土地流转比率约为30%,且租入率与租出率在不同区域存在显著差异。老年劳动力比重较高的家庭土地流转概率显著偏低,劳动力老龄化抑制土地流转;青年和中年劳动力比重较高的家庭土地流转概率显著增大,前者倾向于租出农地,而后者倾向于租入农地。进一步的研究表明,各年龄段劳动力的比较优势是决定农地如何流转的根源。政策含义是,建立健全农村养老保障体系,降低老龄人口对农地的依赖程度;为非农就业人员提供职业培训,增强农地流转意愿;为农地租入家庭提供资金与技术支持,增强农地租入意愿,发展适度规模经营。
[Abstract]:Land circulation is the only way to realize the moderate scale management of agriculture and the increase of farmers' income, and the high age of agricultural labor force may be the important factor to restrain the land circulation. Based on the data of China Household income Survey (CHIP2013) in 2013, this paper uses Logit model to investigate the relationship between labor age and land circulation. It is found that the current land transfer rate in China is about 30%, and there are significant differences between the rent rate and the rent rate in different regions. The probability of land transfer in families with higher proportion of old labor force is significantly lower, and the aging of labor force inhibits land circulation. The probability of land transfer in families with higher proportion of young and middle aged labor force is significantly increased. The former tends to rent out agricultural land, while the latter tends to rent farmland. Further research shows that the comparative advantage of labor force of all ages is the root of how to transfer farmland. The policy implication is to establish and improve the rural old-age security system, to reduce the dependence of the aged population on agricultural land, to provide vocational training for non-agricultural employment personnel, and to strengthen the willingness to transfer agricultural land. To provide financial and technical support for the rural land rental families, strengthen the willingness to rent agricultural land, and develop moderate scale management.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41571095);国家自然科学基金项目(41271119)
【分类号】：F321.1;F323.6

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