陕西安康移民搬迁农户的生计适应策略与适应力感知
发布时间：2018-11-08 08:51
【摘要】：从社会-生态系统适应性理论出发,借鉴脆弱性研究中的适应性理论来研究我国易地移民搬迁农户的适应策略和适应力,构建了移民搬迁农户的生计适应性分析框架,并以陕西安康移民搬迁工程为例,通过实地调查和访谈获取了安康搬迁农户的调查数据,分析了安康移民搬迁农户的生计适应策略、适应力感知及其影响因素。分析发现安康移民搬迁农户在搬迁之后采用了四种生计适应策略,即传统生计专业化型、非农专业化、补贴依赖型和多样化生计,这四种类型占全部搬迁农户样本的比例分别为:28.6%、34.3%、18.3%和18.8%。搬迁农户的适应力感知类型与搬迁类型、安置类型存在着统计上的显著差异。尤其是搬迁农户收入等级类型与适应力感知之间存在显著差异,越是高收入户,越表示收入增加,搬迁后"稳得住、能致富"的情况则越好;而贫困户搬迁之后的生计适应、生计安全状况令人担忧。此外,搬迁农户不同的生计适应策略与其适应力感知也存在着统计上的显著差异。总体上看,搬迁之后,非农专业化和传统生计专业化的农户收入减少的更少、表示收入增加的更多、适应力更好,而补贴依赖型、生计多样化型农户的适应状况要差一些。本文进一步采用MULTINOMINAL LOGISTICS回归模型分析了安康移民搬迁农户适应力感知的影响因素。结果显示,政府主导的移民安置方式、搬迁类型、搬迁农户所获得的扶贫项目数对搬迁农户生计适应情况并没有显著的影响,搬迁农户也没有随着搬迁时间的增加而提高其适应力;当地搬迁农户劳动力也存在一些闲置、土地林地需要进一步提高生产经营效率等。当地地方政府仍需要进一步完善移民搬迁方案和对移民搬迁农户的精准帮扶措施,发展后续产业,提高其适应力。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of social-ecosystem adaptability and the adaptability theory of vulnerability study, this paper studies the adaptation strategies and adaptations of migrant and relocated farmers in China, and constructs the framework of livelihood adaptability analysis of migrant and relocated farmers. Taking the relocation project of Ankang immigrants in Shaanxi as an example, the investigation data of the relocation farmers of Ankang are obtained through field investigation and interviews, and the livelihood adaptation strategy, adaptability perception and its influencing factors are analyzed. It is found that after relocation, Ankang migrants have adopted four livelihood adaptation strategies, namely, traditional livelihood specialization, non-agricultural specialization, subsidized dependence and diversified livelihood. The proportions of these four types to the total sample of the relocated farmers were 28.60.34. 33.3% and 18.8%, respectively. There are significant statistical differences between the perceived types of adaptation and the types of relocation and the types of resettlement. In particular, there is a significant difference between the income grade type and adaptability perception of the relocated farmers. The higher the household income, the more income increase, the better the situation of "stable living, rich" after the relocation; The livelihood of poor households after the relocation of adaptation, livelihood security is worrying. In addition, there are statistically significant differences between the different livelihood adaptation strategies and their adaptive perception. On the whole, after the relocation, the income of non-farm specialization and traditional livelihood specialization decreased less, which indicated that the income increased more, the adaptability was better, but the subsidised dependent type, the livelihood diversification type farmer's adaptation condition was worse. In this paper, MULTINOMINAL LOGISTICS regression model is used to analyze the influencing factors of resilience perception of Ankang migrants. The results showed that the government-led resettlement mode, the type of relocation, and the number of poverty alleviation projects received by the relocated farmers had no significant impact on the livelihood adaptation of the relocated farmers. The relocation of farmers did not improve their adaptability with the increase of relocation time; There is also some idle labor force in the local relocation farmers, and the land and woodland need to further improve the efficiency of production and management. The local government still needs to further improve the migration plan and the precise measures to help the migrant and relocated farmers, develop the follow-up industry, and improve its adaptability.
【作者单位】： 西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“生态补偿政策对贫困山区农户可持续生计的作用机制及评估的理论与实证研究”(批准号:71273204);“西部重点生态功能区农村社区参与旅游发展的途径、减贫机制与可持续发展研究”(批准号:71573205) 陕西高校人文社会科学青年英才支持计划(HSSTP) 西安交通大学中央单位基本科研业务费(批准号:skzd16004,skzd16009,sk2015001)
【分类号】：F323.8
本文编号：2317972
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of social-ecosystem adaptability and the adaptability theory of vulnerability study, this paper studies the adaptation strategies and adaptations of migrant and relocated farmers in China, and constructs the framework of livelihood adaptability analysis of migrant and relocated farmers. Taking the relocation project of Ankang immigrants in Shaanxi as an example, the investigation data of the relocation farmers of Ankang are obtained through field investigation and interviews, and the livelihood adaptation strategy, adaptability perception and its influencing factors are analyzed. It is found that after relocation, Ankang migrants have adopted four livelihood adaptation strategies, namely, traditional livelihood specialization, non-agricultural specialization, subsidized dependence and diversified livelihood. The proportions of these four types to the total sample of the relocated farmers were 28.60.34. 33.3% and 18.8%, respectively. There are significant statistical differences between the perceived types of adaptation and the types of relocation and the types of resettlement. In particular, there is a significant difference between the income grade type and adaptability perception of the relocated farmers. The higher the household income, the more income increase, the better the situation of "stable living, rich" after the relocation; The livelihood of poor households after the relocation of adaptation, livelihood security is worrying. In addition, there are statistically significant differences between the different livelihood adaptation strategies and their adaptive perception. On the whole, after the relocation, the income of non-farm specialization and traditional livelihood specialization decreased less, which indicated that the income increased more, the adaptability was better, but the subsidised dependent type, the livelihood diversification type farmer's adaptation condition was worse. In this paper, MULTINOMINAL LOGISTICS regression model is used to analyze the influencing factors of resilience perception of Ankang migrants. The results showed that the government-led resettlement mode, the type of relocation, and the number of poverty alleviation projects received by the relocated farmers had no significant impact on the livelihood adaptation of the relocated farmers. The relocation of farmers did not improve their adaptability with the increase of relocation time; There is also some idle labor force in the local relocation farmers, and the land and woodland need to further improve the efficiency of production and management. The local government still needs to further improve the migration plan and the precise measures to help the migrant and relocated farmers, develop the follow-up industry, and improve its adaptability.
【作者单位】： 西安交通大学公共政策与管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目“生态补偿政策对贫困山区农户可持续生计的作用机制及评估的理论与实证研究”(批准号:71273204);“西部重点生态功能区农村社区参与旅游发展的途径、减贫机制与可持续发展研究”(批准号:71573205) 陕西高校人文社会科学青年英才支持计划(HSSTP) 西安交通大学中央单位基本科研业务费(批准号:skzd16004,skzd16009,sk2015001)
【分类号】：F323.8
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