上海市构建新型农业经营体系研究

发布时间：2018-11-21 20:17

【摘要】：农业是国民经济的基础。自80年代我国农村实行家庭承包责任制以来,小规模的家庭经营成为了农业经营的最主要方式。家庭联产承包责任制,极大地促进了我国农村生产力的解放和发展。然而,随着工业化、城镇化的快速发展以及现代农业建设的快速推进,农业生产经营面临着一些新问题,“谁来种、怎么种、种什么”等问题突出。解决这些问题,实现传统农业向现代农业的转变,必须转变传统的农业经营体系,构建新型农业经营体系。上海农业在上海城区和上海郊区的发展过程中始终扮演着不可或缺的作用。如提供高质量的粮食和蔬菜,提供鲜活副食品,平衡生态环境,发挥社会文化作用,以及为上海市的发展储备空间等功能。这些功能的发挥都有赖于上海市农业竞争力的提升,有赖于上海农业向现代农业的转变。实现农业现代化的转变,需要创新农业经营体制机制,大力培育多元化的新型农业经营主体,加快发展农业社会化服务。因此,加快构建新型农业经营体系已是当前上海实现农业现代化的首要任务。在本文的第二章,笔者梳理了国内外相关领域内的研究成果和学者们的观点,并在此基础上对新型农业经营体系的内涵、特征以及研究的切入点提出了自己的观点。随后,笔者详细介绍了发达经济体和地区构建新型农业经营体系的先进经验,同时也介绍了与我国农业环境更加相似的一些发展中国家的经验。这些都在本文的第三章进行了介绍。本文的研究是基于笔者对上海市农业经营主体和服务主体的调研,在第四章,笔者依据调研获取的资料对上海市构建新型农业经营体系进行了评价。在构建新型农业经营主体方面,笔者认为上海市有一定闪光点,但也存在不少问题。在服务主体方面,上海市公益性服务主体有待转变,经营性服务主体略显不足。针对上海市农业经营主体和服务主体的现状,结合国内外构建新型农业经营体系的经验,笔者在第五章提出了一些针对性建议,如明确家庭农场在粮食生产上的主体地位、重点扶持一品为主实现专业化发展的合作社、稳步推进合作联社发展、大力支持农业企业发展蔬菜园艺场、着力转变农业公益性服务主体的职能、着重发展农业经营性服务主体等建议,并提出相关配套措施。而在第六章,笔者对全文进行了一个总结,指出了研究中的一些成果,以及依旧没能解决的一些问题。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. Since the implementation of the household contract responsibility system in rural areas in 1980's, small scale household management has become the most important way of agricultural management. Household contract responsibility system has greatly promoted the emancipation and development of rural productive forces in China. However, with the rapid development of industrialization, urbanization and the rapid development of modern agricultural construction, agricultural production and management are faced with some new problems, such as "who will plant, how to plant, what to plant" and so on. To solve these problems and realize the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture, we must change the traditional agricultural management system and construct a new agricultural management system. Shanghai agriculture has always played an indispensable role in the development of Shanghai urban area and suburb. Such as providing high-quality grain and vegetables, providing fresh non-staple food, balancing the ecological environment, giving play to the role of social culture, and providing space for the development of Shanghai. All these functions depend on the promotion of Shanghai's agricultural competitiveness and the transformation from Shanghai's agriculture to modern agriculture. In order to realize the transformation of agricultural modernization, it is necessary to innovate the agricultural management system and mechanism, cultivate a diversified new agricultural management subject and speed up the development of agricultural socialized service. Therefore, speeding up the construction of a new agricultural management system is the first task to realize agricultural modernization in Shanghai. In the second chapter of this paper, the author combs the domestic and foreign related research achievements and scholars' views, and puts forward his own views on the connotation, characteristics and research breakthrough point of the new agricultural management system. Then, the author introduces in detail the advanced experience of constructing the new agricultural management system in the developed economies and regions, and the experiences of some developing countries which are more similar to our agricultural environment at the same time. All these are introduced in the third chapter of this paper. The research of this paper is based on the investigation of the main body of agricultural management and service in Shanghai. In the fourth chapter, the author evaluates the construction of a new agricultural management system in Shanghai according to the data obtained from the investigation. In the construction of new agricultural management subject, I think Shanghai has some bright spots, but there are also many problems. In the aspect of service main body, Shanghai public welfare service main body needs to change, management service main body is slightly insufficient. In view of the present situation of the main body of agricultural management and service in Shanghai, combined with the experience of constructing a new agricultural management system at home and abroad, the author puts forward some suggestions in the fifth chapter, such as clarifying the main position of family farm in grain production. We will focus on supporting cooperatives that focus on one product to achieve professional development, steadily advancing the development of cooperative cooperatives, vigorously supporting agricultural enterprises to develop vegetable gardens, and focusing on transforming the functions of agricultural public welfare service providers. Focus on the development of agricultural management services and other suggestions, and put forward related measures. In the sixth chapter, the author summarizes the whole paper, points out some achievements in the research and some problems that still can not be solved.
【学位授予单位】：中共上海市委党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F325

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