仙游县生态公益林现状及发展对策
发布时间：2018-11-25 18:10
【摘要】：保护、恢复和发展森林资源,建设良好的生态环境,已成为人类社会可持续发展的迫切要求及时代主旋律。21世纪中国的林业发展战略的核心是走生态建设道路,而大力开展生态公益林建设,是林业生态建设的重要内容之一。生态公益林是以发挥森林生态效益,维护和保持自然生态环境,保护生物多样性和丰富自然景观,提高人类生活质量为主要任务的森林类型。生态公益林在改善和保护生态环境,维护自然界生态平衡方面具有重要作用。但由于公益林的生态效益具有非排他性和非竞争性的特征,在我国一直作为一种免费的公共资料为社会所共享,其维护建设费用也主要由政府来承担。随着我国公益林建设规模的不断扩大,政府面临着巨大的财政压力,政府投入的有限性与建设资金实际需求的不断扩张性矛盾日益突出。因此在提高生态公益林生态效益的同时,克服生态公益林经营资金短缺问题,协调生态公益林建设管护与森林资源的合理利用,对我国生态公益林的可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。仙游县重点生态公益林面积共有37072.6 hm2,占林地面积的29%。其中国家级生态公益林面积5864.8 hm2,省级生态公益林面积31207.8 hm2,主要分布在木兰溪源头、森林公园、北部山区等区域。目前仙游县生态公益林类型主要有水源涵养林、水土保持林、风景林等。本文在调查研究仙游县生态公益林的建设现状的基础上,分析了仙游县生态公益林建设存在的主要问题是：科学技术落后、管护模式单一、管护投入不足、护林员素质水平低、科学利用不合理、缺乏有效监管、木兰溪源头水土流失严重、沿海防护林防护效能低下、农田林网建设进步缓慢等。并以生态学理论,森林科学发展理论、森林外部性等理论为指导,同时借鉴国内外生态公益林建设的先进经验,提出仙游县生态公益林建设和可持续发展策略应采取：依靠科技,提升生态林管护水平；因地制宜,采取适宜管护模式；合理补偿,健全资金保障机制；科学管理,加强护林员队伍建设；合理利用,增强自我补偿能力；明确权责,完善监管责任制度；加强木兰溪源头生态林保护建设；调整树种,提高沿海防护林综合效益；科学规划,加强农田林网保护建设。希望本文可以为仙游生态公益林的经营发展做出一些指导和建议,也可为我省生态公益林的建设提供借鉴参考,推动整体生态环境和谐健康发展。
[Abstract]:The protection, restoration and development of forest resources and the construction of a good ecological environment have become the urgent requirements of the sustainable development of human society and the main theme of the times. The core of China's forestry development strategy in the 21st century is to follow the path of ecological construction. The construction of ecological forest is one of the important contents of forestry ecological construction. Ecological public welfare forest is a forest type whose main task is to give full play to forest ecological benefits, to maintain and maintain the natural ecological environment, to protect biodiversity and enrich the natural landscape, and to improve the quality of human life. Ecological public welfare forest plays an important role in improving and protecting ecological environment and maintaining ecological balance in nature. But because the ecological benefit of public welfare forest has the characteristics of non-exclusive and non-competitive, it has been shared by the society as a kind of free public information in our country, and its maintenance and construction cost is mainly borne by the government. With the continuous expansion of the construction scale of public welfare forest in China, the government is facing enormous financial pressure, and the contradiction between the limitation of government investment and the actual demand for construction funds is becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, while improving the ecological efficiency of ecological public welfare forest, we should overcome the shortage of management funds of ecological public welfare forest and coordinate the construction, management and protection of ecological public welfare forest and the rational utilization of forest resources. It has important practical significance for the sustainable development of ecological public welfare forest in China. The area of key ecological public welfare forest in Xianyou county is 37072.6 hm2, accounting for 29% of woodland area. The area of national ecological public welfare forest is 5864.8 hm2, the area of provincial ecological public welfare forest is 31207.8 hm2, which is mainly distributed in Mulan River Source, Forest Park, Northern Mountain area and so on. At present, the main types of ecological public welfare forest in Xianyou County are water conservation forest, soil and water conservation forest, landscape forest and so on. On the basis of investigation and research on the present situation of ecological public welfare forest construction in Xianyou County, this paper analyzes the main problems existing in the construction of ecological public welfare forest in Xianyou County: backward science and technology, single management mode, insufficient investment in management and protection, and low quality level of forest rangers. Scientific utilization is unreasonable, lack of effective supervision, serious soil and water loss at the source of Mulan Creek, low protection efficiency of coastal shelterbelt, slow progress of farmland forest network construction and so on. Under the guidance of ecological theory, forest science development theory, forest externality theory, and drawing lessons from the advanced experience of ecological public welfare forest construction at home and abroad, The strategies of ecological public welfare forest construction and sustainable development in Xianyou county should be taken as follows: depending on science and technology to improve the level of ecological forest management and protection; According to the local conditions, we should adopt appropriate management and protection mode; reasonable compensation, perfect fund guarantee mechanism; scientific management, strengthen the construction of forest protection team; rational use, strengthen self-compensation ability; clarify the power and responsibility, perfect the system of supervision and responsibility; We should strengthen the conservation and construction of Mulan Creek source ecological forest, adjust tree species, improve the comprehensive benefit of coastal shelterbelt, and strengthen the protection and construction of farmland forest network by scientific planning. It is hoped that this paper can provide some guidance and suggestions for the management and development of Xianyou ecological public welfare forest, and also provide reference for the construction of ecological public welfare forest in our province, and promote the harmonious and healthy development of the whole ecological environment.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.27
本文编号：2356991
[Abstract]:The protection, restoration and development of forest resources and the construction of a good ecological environment have become the urgent requirements of the sustainable development of human society and the main theme of the times. The core of China's forestry development strategy in the 21st century is to follow the path of ecological construction. The construction of ecological forest is one of the important contents of forestry ecological construction. Ecological public welfare forest is a forest type whose main task is to give full play to forest ecological benefits, to maintain and maintain the natural ecological environment, to protect biodiversity and enrich the natural landscape, and to improve the quality of human life. Ecological public welfare forest plays an important role in improving and protecting ecological environment and maintaining ecological balance in nature. But because the ecological benefit of public welfare forest has the characteristics of non-exclusive and non-competitive, it has been shared by the society as a kind of free public information in our country, and its maintenance and construction cost is mainly borne by the government. With the continuous expansion of the construction scale of public welfare forest in China, the government is facing enormous financial pressure, and the contradiction between the limitation of government investment and the actual demand for construction funds is becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, while improving the ecological efficiency of ecological public welfare forest, we should overcome the shortage of management funds of ecological public welfare forest and coordinate the construction, management and protection of ecological public welfare forest and the rational utilization of forest resources. It has important practical significance for the sustainable development of ecological public welfare forest in China. The area of key ecological public welfare forest in Xianyou county is 37072.6 hm2, accounting for 29% of woodland area. The area of national ecological public welfare forest is 5864.8 hm2, the area of provincial ecological public welfare forest is 31207.8 hm2, which is mainly distributed in Mulan River Source, Forest Park, Northern Mountain area and so on. At present, the main types of ecological public welfare forest in Xianyou County are water conservation forest, soil and water conservation forest, landscape forest and so on. On the basis of investigation and research on the present situation of ecological public welfare forest construction in Xianyou County, this paper analyzes the main problems existing in the construction of ecological public welfare forest in Xianyou County: backward science and technology, single management mode, insufficient investment in management and protection, and low quality level of forest rangers. Scientific utilization is unreasonable, lack of effective supervision, serious soil and water loss at the source of Mulan Creek, low protection efficiency of coastal shelterbelt, slow progress of farmland forest network construction and so on. Under the guidance of ecological theory, forest science development theory, forest externality theory, and drawing lessons from the advanced experience of ecological public welfare forest construction at home and abroad, The strategies of ecological public welfare forest construction and sustainable development in Xianyou county should be taken as follows: depending on science and technology to improve the level of ecological forest management and protection; According to the local conditions, we should adopt appropriate management and protection mode; reasonable compensation, perfect fund guarantee mechanism; scientific management, strengthen the construction of forest protection team; rational use, strengthen self-compensation ability; clarify the power and responsibility, perfect the system of supervision and responsibility; We should strengthen the conservation and construction of Mulan Creek source ecological forest, adjust tree species, improve the comprehensive benefit of coastal shelterbelt, and strengthen the protection and construction of farmland forest network by scientific planning. It is hoped that this paper can provide some guidance and suggestions for the management and development of Xianyou ecological public welfare forest, and also provide reference for the construction of ecological public welfare forest in our province, and promote the harmonious and healthy development of the whole ecological environment.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.27
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