基于InVEST模型的土地利用变化与碳储量研究

发布时间：2019-01-01 19:23

【摘要】：“温室效应”问题自提出以来愈加严重,生态系统固碳问题的研究提上日程。土地利用变化是影响全球碳循环的重要驱动因素之一。人类经济活动影响土地利用格局的变化,土地利用通过土地覆被的变化对全球碳循环和气候变化产生重要影响。因此研究区域尺度土地利用变化与碳储量之间的关系有利于理解生态系统碳循环的影响机制,探索科学合理的土地配置方案,改善生态环境。矿业城市生态环境脆弱,矿山开采等经济活动引发的土地利用类型的变化较为明显,研究其生态系统固碳问题意义重大。本文基于武安市1987、1995、2004、2010年四期TM遥感影像,借助Arc GIS技术和In VEST模型分析了武安市土地利用变化及生态系统碳储量的动态变化,主要研究内容与研究结论如下:(1)揭示矿业城市土地利用变化特征。综合采用土地利用动态度等指标研究武安市土地利用时空变化特征和趋势。从时间尺度看,武安市土地利用变化总体趋势表现为林地、草地和非工矿建设用地的增加以及耕地、工矿用地和水体的减少;在人类经济活动和政策的影响下,武安市土地空间格局也发生了一定的变化。(2)研究矿业城市碳储量动态变化特征。基于武安市土地利用现状图和不同地类碳密度表,利用In VEST模型碳模块计算武安市碳储量,并进一步研究不同土地利用类型碳储量的时空变化规律,划分碳汇区、碳源区和碳收支平衡区。研究结果表明1987~2010年间武安市固碳能力有了一定程度的提升,但固碳潜力呈下降趋势。(3)探究矿业城市土地利用变化与固碳的关系。综合研究区土地利用类型变化和碳储量动态变化特征分析武安市土地利用覆被变化对固碳的影响。研究结果表明不同土地利用类型固碳能力的大小与碳密度值呈现较高的一致性;不同地类碳储量的变化与其面积的变化相一致,二者的空间分布也呈现较大的一致性。不同地类之间的转化会影响整个生态系统碳储量的变化。(4)提出矿业城市土地生态利用措施。LUCC与生态系统固碳的关系密不可分,不同地类之间的转化对碳储量的变化产生重要影响。本文最后从生态文明的角度出发改善武安市土地利用结构、优化产业格局,促进土地优化配置,为武安市制定合理的土地利用规划方案、提高土地利用的生态价值提供参考。
[Abstract]:The problem of Greenhouse Effect has become more and more serious since it was raised, and the study of carbon sequestration in ecosystem is on the agenda. Land use change is one of the important driving factors affecting the global carbon cycle. Human economic activities influence the change of land use pattern, and land use exerts an important influence on global carbon cycle and climate change through land cover change. Therefore, studying the relationship between land use change and carbon storage on a regional scale is beneficial to understanding the mechanism of carbon cycle in ecosystem, exploring scientific and rational land allocation schemes and improving ecological environment. The ecological environment of mining cities is fragile and the changes of land use types caused by economic activities such as mining are obvious. It is of great significance to study the carbon sequestration problem in the ecosystem of mining cities. Based on the four TM remote sensing images of Wuan City in 1987 / 1995 and 2010, the dynamic changes of land use and carbon storage in the ecosystem of Wuan City were analyzed by means of Arc GIS technology and In VEST model. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) to reveal the characteristics of land use change in mining cities. The characteristics and trends of spatial and temporal changes of land use in Wuan City were studied by using land use dynamic attitude and other indicators. In terms of time scale, the general trend of land use change in Wuan city is the increase of woodland, grassland and non-industrial construction land, and the decrease of cultivated land, industrial land and water body. Under the influence of human economic activities and policies, the spatial pattern of land in Wuan city has also changed to some extent. (2) the dynamic characteristics of carbon storage in mining cities have been studied. Based on the current land use map and carbon density table of different land types in Wuan city, carbon storage in Wuan city is calculated by using In VEST model carbon module, and the temporal and spatial variation of carbon storage in different land use types is further studied, and carbon sequestration areas are divided. Carbon source area and carbon balance area. The results show that the capacity of carbon sequestration in Wuan City has been improved to a certain extent during 1987-2010, but the potential of carbon sequestration has declined. (3) the relationship between land use change and carbon sequestration in mining cities is explored. The characteristics of land use type change and carbon storage dynamic change in the study area the effect of land use and cover change on carbon sequestration in Wuan City was analyzed. The results show that the carbon sequestration capacity of different land use types is consistent with the carbon density, and the change of carbon storage is consistent with the change of land area, and the spatial distribution of carbon sequestration capacity and carbon density of different land use types are also consistent. The change of carbon storage in the whole ecosystem will be affected by the transformation of different land types. (4) the measures of land ecological utilization in mining cities are put forward. The relationship between LUCC and carbon sequestration in ecosystem is closely related. The change of carbon storage is influenced by the transformation of different land types. Finally, from the angle of ecological civilization, the paper improves the structure of land use, optimizes the industrial pattern, promotes the optimal allocation of land, and provides a reference for making a reasonable plan of land use planning and improving the ecological value of land use.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301.2;X171.1

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