株洲县水稻生产现状及对策分析
发布时间：2019-01-07 15:35
【摘要】：本研究通过走访调查、资料收集整理分析等手段,有效掌握株洲县水稻生产情况,了解农民粮食生产的思想观念及技术水平,通过分析株洲县水稻生产的现状,找出制约株洲县水稻生产发展的关键因素,分析造成的原因,并提出有效的解决措施,以期为株洲县水稻生产的可持续发展,提高水稻种植面积,单位面积产量、总产、复种指数等提供参考。通过对株洲县水稻种植的现状、大面积应用的水稻种植技术、农民的农业技术水平、农民的综合素质、水稻生产基础设施建设等情况的分析,找出了制约株洲县水稻生产可持续发展的三个主要因素：一是因耕地抛荒比较严重、农业基础设施建设滞后、劳动力短缺、种粮效益偏低、生产分散规模太小、传统习惯种植技术落后、政策作用弱化激励作用减小等方面的原因,对保持稳定的水稻种植面积产生不利影响；二是农民文化素质较低,接受新技术新成果能力有限,对水稻生产投入不足,致使水稻单产难以提高；三是粮食企业品牌意识不强,特色不突出,水稻品种(组合)布局不合理,稻谷未能按质论价,农业产业化水平不高等原因影响稻米品质的改良。从株洲县粮食生产政策、水稻种植的科技水平、生产投入、保障措施等方面提出解决株洲县水稻产业发展问题的对策：一是要充分挖掘水稻种植面积潜力,要出台相关政策严格控制耕地抛荒,搞好水利等基础设施建设,增强防灾抗灾能力,完善种粮补贴方式、发展规模化专业化种植等,逐步提高水稻复种指数；二是挖掘水稻单产潜力,选用高产优质多抗的品种或组合,搞好病虫害的综合防治,加强农业技术培训,提高广大农民科技素质,搞好新技术新成果示范,建立乡村水稻高产示范片；三是选用高产优质水稻品种,提升稻米品质,大力推广优质稻品种、实行优质优价,提高农民种植优质稻的积极性,因地制宜合理布局优质品种,全面推进优质稻标准化生产。
[Abstract]:By means of visiting and investigation, data collection and analysis, this study effectively grasped the situation of rice production in Zhuzhou County, understood the ideology and technical level of farmers' grain production, and analyzed the present situation of rice production in Zhuzhou County. To find out the key factors restricting the development of rice production in Zhuzhou County, to analyze the causes, and to put forward effective measures for the sustainable development of rice production in Zhuzhou County, so as to improve the planting area, yield per unit area and total yield of rice in Zhuzhou County. Multiple cropping index and so on to provide the reference. Through the analysis of the present situation of rice planting in Zhuzhou County, the rice planting technology applied in a large area, the level of farmers' agricultural technology, the comprehensive quality of farmers, the construction of rice production infrastructure, etc. Three main factors restricting the sustainable development of rice production in Zhuzhou County were found: first, because of the serious abandonment of cultivated land, the lagged construction of agricultural infrastructure, the shortage of labor force, the low benefit of grain planting, and the small scale of production dispersion, The backwardness of the traditional planting technique and the weakening of the policy function and the decrease of the incentive effect have a negative effect on the rice planting area. Second, farmers' cultural quality is low, the ability to accept new technology and new achievements is limited, and the input to rice production is insufficient, which makes it difficult to improve rice yield per unit; Third, the grain enterprise brand consciousness is not strong, the characteristic is not prominent, the rice variety (combination) layout is unreasonable, the rice price is not according to the quality, the agricultural industrialization level is not high and so on the reason affects the rice quality improvement. From the grain production policy of Zhuzhou County, the scientific and technological level of rice planting, the production input and the safeguard measures, the countermeasures to solve the problem of rice industry development in Zhuzhou County are put forward: first, to fully tap the potential of rice planting area, It is necessary to introduce relevant policies to strictly control the abandonment of cultivated land, do a good job in the construction of infrastructure such as water conservancy, strengthen the ability to prevent and resist disasters, improve the way of grain planting subsidies, develop large-scale specialized planting, etc., and gradually improve the index of rice multiple cropping; Second, it is necessary to tap the potential of rice per unit yield, select varieties or combinations with high yield, good quality and multi-resistance, do a good job in comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and pests, strengthen agricultural technical training, improve the scientific and technological quality of the broad masses of farmers, and do a good job in demonstrating new technologies and new achievements. To establish a high yield model for rural rice; Third, selecting high yield and high quality rice varieties, improving rice quality, popularizing high quality rice varieties, carrying out high quality and high price, increasing farmers' enthusiasm for planting high quality rice, rationally distributing high quality varieties according to local conditions, and comprehensively promoting the standardized production of high quality rice.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.11
本文编号：2403826
[Abstract]:By means of visiting and investigation, data collection and analysis, this study effectively grasped the situation of rice production in Zhuzhou County, understood the ideology and technical level of farmers' grain production, and analyzed the present situation of rice production in Zhuzhou County. To find out the key factors restricting the development of rice production in Zhuzhou County, to analyze the causes, and to put forward effective measures for the sustainable development of rice production in Zhuzhou County, so as to improve the planting area, yield per unit area and total yield of rice in Zhuzhou County. Multiple cropping index and so on to provide the reference. Through the analysis of the present situation of rice planting in Zhuzhou County, the rice planting technology applied in a large area, the level of farmers' agricultural technology, the comprehensive quality of farmers, the construction of rice production infrastructure, etc. Three main factors restricting the sustainable development of rice production in Zhuzhou County were found: first, because of the serious abandonment of cultivated land, the lagged construction of agricultural infrastructure, the shortage of labor force, the low benefit of grain planting, and the small scale of production dispersion, The backwardness of the traditional planting technique and the weakening of the policy function and the decrease of the incentive effect have a negative effect on the rice planting area. Second, farmers' cultural quality is low, the ability to accept new technology and new achievements is limited, and the input to rice production is insufficient, which makes it difficult to improve rice yield per unit; Third, the grain enterprise brand consciousness is not strong, the characteristic is not prominent, the rice variety (combination) layout is unreasonable, the rice price is not according to the quality, the agricultural industrialization level is not high and so on the reason affects the rice quality improvement. From the grain production policy of Zhuzhou County, the scientific and technological level of rice planting, the production input and the safeguard measures, the countermeasures to solve the problem of rice industry development in Zhuzhou County are put forward: first, to fully tap the potential of rice planting area, It is necessary to introduce relevant policies to strictly control the abandonment of cultivated land, do a good job in the construction of infrastructure such as water conservancy, strengthen the ability to prevent and resist disasters, improve the way of grain planting subsidies, develop large-scale specialized planting, etc., and gradually improve the index of rice multiple cropping; Second, it is necessary to tap the potential of rice per unit yield, select varieties or combinations with high yield, good quality and multi-resistance, do a good job in comprehensive prevention and control of diseases and pests, strengthen agricultural technical training, improve the scientific and technological quality of the broad masses of farmers, and do a good job in demonstrating new technologies and new achievements. To establish a high yield model for rural rice; Third, selecting high yield and high quality rice varieties, improving rice quality, popularizing high quality rice varieties, carrying out high quality and high price, increasing farmers' enthusiasm for planting high quality rice, rationally distributing high quality varieties according to local conditions, and comprehensively promoting the standardized production of high quality rice.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F326.11
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