中国特色农业现代化道路面临的现实挑战及其对策思考
发布时间：2019-01-08 13:20
【摘要】：中国是一个农业大国,农业是国民经济的基础,推进农业现代化,实现中国农业由传统向现代的转变,必须走中国特色农业现代化道路。走中国特色农业现代化道路关系到全面建成小康社会战略目标能否顺利实现,任重道远,必须从全局的高度审视中国特色农业现代化道路面临的现实挑战,并提出应对挑战的对策。本文主体由三部分组成。首先,从中国特色农业现代化道路的提出入手,总结建国以来党和国家对中国特色农业现代化道路的探索历程,根据国际农业发展普遍规律和我国农业发展特点归纳中国特色农业现代化道路的内涵与基本特点。从全面建设和建成小康社会的角度论证走中国特色农业现代化道路的战略意义。其次,根据走中国特色农业现代化道路的具体要求,当前我国农业发展面临诸多问题和挑战。随着社会主义市场经济的发展,城乡二元体制依旧是制约农业现代化发展的最大体制性障碍;农业生产经营方式的弊端也逐渐显现,规模小而又分散的农业经营限制了农业产业化的发展;农业基础设施薄弱导致农业生产受自然条件影响大,农业发展后劲不足;农业科技在农业现代化发展进程中的作用越来越大,农业科技水平与农民文化素质偏低是农业科技转化为农业生产力的最大瓶颈。同时,农业社会化服务体系还很不完善,无法满足当前农业发展的现实需求,部分农村基层党组织领导能力与组织能力出现弱化也对党领导农村工作提出了挑战。最后,应对当前走中国特色农业现代化道路面临的现实问题和挑战,应该以破解城乡二元结构固化带来的体制性难题为前提,进一步完善农业经营方式,克服小规模土地经营的局限;加大农业基础设施建设的资金投入,完善管理体制,夯实现代农业发展的基础;加快农业科技创新与农民文化素质的提高,推动农业科研成果向农业生产力转化;进一步健全农业社会化服务体系,发挥新型农业社会化服务组织的功能,推进农业产业化发展;加强农村基层党组织建设,着力增强农村基层党组织在走中国特色农业现代化道路上的领导能力和组织能力,发挥党对农村工作的领导核心作用。
[Abstract]:China is a large agricultural country, and agriculture is the foundation of national economy. To promote agricultural modernization and realize the transformation from traditional to modern agriculture, we must take the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. Taking the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics is related to whether or not the strategic goal of building a well-off society can be successfully realized, and has a long way to go. It is necessary to examine the realistic challenges facing the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics from the perspective of the overall situation. And put forward the countermeasures to deal with the challenge. The main body of this paper consists of three parts. First of all, starting with the proposal of the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics, this paper summarizes the exploration process of the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics by the Party and the state since the founding of the PRC. According to the general law of international agricultural development and the characteristics of agricultural development in China, the connotation and basic characteristics of the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics are summarized. The strategic significance of taking the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics is demonstrated from the angle of building and building a well-off society in an all-round way. Secondly, according to the specific requirements of taking the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics, China's agricultural development is facing many problems and challenges. With the development of socialist market economy, urban-rural dual system is still the biggest institutional obstacle restricting the development of agricultural modernization. The disadvantages of agricultural production and management mode also gradually appear, the small and dispersed agricultural management restricts the development of agricultural industrialization, the weak agricultural infrastructure leads to the agricultural production being greatly affected by the natural conditions, and the agricultural development stamina is insufficient. Agricultural science and technology play a more and more important role in the development of agricultural modernization. The low level of agricultural science and technology and the low quality of farmers' culture are the biggest bottleneck for the transformation of agricultural science and technology into agricultural productivity. At the same time, the agricultural socialized service system is not perfect, which can not meet the actual demand of the current agricultural development. The weakening of the leadership ability and the organizational ability of some rural grass-roots Party organizations has also challenged the Party to lead the rural work. Finally, to deal with the practical problems and challenges facing the current road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics, we should further improve the mode of agricultural management on the premise of solving the systemic problems brought about by the solidification of the dual structure of urban and rural areas. Overcoming the limitation of small-scale land management; We should increase the investment in the construction of agricultural infrastructure, perfect the management system, consolidate the foundation of the development of modern agriculture, speed up the innovation of agricultural science and technology and the improvement of farmers' cultural quality, and promote the transformation of agricultural scientific research achievements into agricultural productive forces. Further improve the agricultural socialized service system, give play to the function of the new type of agricultural socialized service organization, and promote the development of agricultural industrialization; We should strengthen the construction of rural grass-roots party organizations, strengthen their leadership and organizational ability on the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics, and give play to the central role of the Party in leading rural work.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F320.1
本文编号：2404653
[Abstract]:China is a large agricultural country, and agriculture is the foundation of national economy. To promote agricultural modernization and realize the transformation from traditional to modern agriculture, we must take the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. Taking the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics is related to whether or not the strategic goal of building a well-off society can be successfully realized, and has a long way to go. It is necessary to examine the realistic challenges facing the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics from the perspective of the overall situation. And put forward the countermeasures to deal with the challenge. The main body of this paper consists of three parts. First of all, starting with the proposal of the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics, this paper summarizes the exploration process of the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics by the Party and the state since the founding of the PRC. According to the general law of international agricultural development and the characteristics of agricultural development in China, the connotation and basic characteristics of the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics are summarized. The strategic significance of taking the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics is demonstrated from the angle of building and building a well-off society in an all-round way. Secondly, according to the specific requirements of taking the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics, China's agricultural development is facing many problems and challenges. With the development of socialist market economy, urban-rural dual system is still the biggest institutional obstacle restricting the development of agricultural modernization. The disadvantages of agricultural production and management mode also gradually appear, the small and dispersed agricultural management restricts the development of agricultural industrialization, the weak agricultural infrastructure leads to the agricultural production being greatly affected by the natural conditions, and the agricultural development stamina is insufficient. Agricultural science and technology play a more and more important role in the development of agricultural modernization. The low level of agricultural science and technology and the low quality of farmers' culture are the biggest bottleneck for the transformation of agricultural science and technology into agricultural productivity. At the same time, the agricultural socialized service system is not perfect, which can not meet the actual demand of the current agricultural development. The weakening of the leadership ability and the organizational ability of some rural grass-roots Party organizations has also challenged the Party to lead the rural work. Finally, to deal with the practical problems and challenges facing the current road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics, we should further improve the mode of agricultural management on the premise of solving the systemic problems brought about by the solidification of the dual structure of urban and rural areas. Overcoming the limitation of small-scale land management; We should increase the investment in the construction of agricultural infrastructure, perfect the management system, consolidate the foundation of the development of modern agriculture, speed up the innovation of agricultural science and technology and the improvement of farmers' cultural quality, and promote the transformation of agricultural scientific research achievements into agricultural productive forces. Further improve the agricultural socialized service system, give play to the function of the new type of agricultural socialized service organization, and promote the development of agricultural industrialization; We should strengthen the construction of rural grass-roots party organizations, strengthen their leadership and organizational ability on the road of modernization of agriculture with Chinese characteristics, and give play to the central role of the Party in leading rural work.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F320.1
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