近15年黄土丘陵区退耕农户特征变化研究

发布时间：2019-01-14 10:42

【摘要】：退耕还林(草)工程是黄土高原生态治理的主要举措,为认识黄土丘陵区十几年来参与退耕的农户特征变化,文中对2001年退耕还林(草)工程试点初期陕西省安塞县的149户调查农户进行了跟踪回访(2015年),对比分析了15年来农户搬离情况、农户劳动力结构、耕地和养殖情况、家庭收入情况、退耕态度等的变化特征。分析表明:近15年来,离开农村生活的农户增加,非农业劳动力比例和数量增加,非农业收入增加很快,退耕农户表现出明显的向非农化转变特征,整体收入结构好转;但退耕农户之间收入差异增加,农业生产的专业化分工特征明显;与初期相比,退耕农户的生态保护意识特征趋于淡化,对补贴款发放期限和强度期望提高,停止补贴后有复耕意向的农户有所增加。
[Abstract]:The project of returning cropland to forest (grass) is the main measure of ecological control in Loess Plateau. In order to understand the change of peasant household's characteristics in loess hilly area for more than ten years, In this paper, 149 rural households in Ansai County, Shaanxi Province, in the early stage of the pilot project of returning farmland to forests (grass) in 2001, were followed up (2015), and the situation of peasant household moving away, peasant household labor force structure, cultivated land and farming were compared and analyzed in the past 15 years. Changes in family income, attitude toward returning farmland, etc. The analysis shows that in the past 15 years, the number and proportion of the non-agricultural labor force have increased, and the non-agricultural income has increased rapidly. The returning farmers have shown obvious characteristics of transition to non-agriculture, and the overall income structure has improved. However, the difference of income between farmers returning farmland is increasing, and the characteristics of specialization of agricultural production are obvious. Compared with the initial stage, the ecological protection consciousness of the returning farmers tended to desalinate, and the expectation of the duration and intensity of the subsidy payment was increased, and the number of farmers who had the intention of returning to farmland after the subsidy was stopped was increased.
【作者单位】：中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;中国科学院大学;西北农林科技大学资源与环境学院;华中农业大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：中国科学院西部之光人才培养计划联合学者项目(编号:院[2013]165),中国科学院国际合作局对外合作重点项目和欧盟委员会Horizon2020项目(编号:16146KYSB20150001和635750)资助
【分类号】：F326.2

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