历史时期江西省土地利用空间格局重建研究

发布时间：2019-02-23 16:51

【摘要】：历史时期的土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)是现代土地利用/覆被的先导和基础,现代土地利用/覆被是历史时期土地利用变化的延续和发展。进行历史时期LUCC研究有助于正确认识历史进程中人地关系及人地和谐发展的内在机理,对于人类当前和未来的生产活动与合理的土地利用方式有着重要的借鉴意义。本文通过订正1393-1910年江西省域人口、耕地数据,以现代耕地分布格局为基础,将高程、坡度、距最近河流距离和人口密度等因子与耕地空间分布的关系进行量化,建立起1km×1km历史耕地网格化分配模型。将1393年、1491年、1578年、1661年、1782年和1910年的省域耕地面积数据带入网格化重建模型,得到6个时间断面的耕地空间分布格局。在此基础上采用累积变化率、时空变化指数(STVI)对明清时期耕地时空变化进行分析。结果显示:(1)明清时期江西省耕地数量较为稳定,1393-1578年耕地面积略有下降,1661-1782年逐渐增加,1782-1910年缓慢下降,耕地面积受人口数量影响显著;(2)从空间分布上来看,耕地主要集中分布在赣江中下游河谷平原区,呈现环状向外部逐渐减少的趋势,且该区域STVI值较高,指示该区域耕地分布较为稳定;(3)通过将1980年耕地数据带入重建模型,其结果与遥感解译数据呈显著正相关,相关系数为0.82,这在一定程度上表明该模型能够较好的重建历史时期耕地空间分布,具有一定的合理性。在上述研究基础上,本文还选取了历史数据较为丰富的1820年为时间断面,采取治所邻近度分析、适宜性评价等方法重建江西省1820年1km×1km空间格网下的主要地类空间分布,并将重建后的1820年土地利用数据和1980年土地利用现状数据进行比较分析。研究结果表明:(1)重建结果通过了显著性检验,表明重建结果较为合理;(2)1820年江西省耕地、城镇用地、农村居民点用地、水域及其他土地面积分别为29228 km2、105 km2、1648 km2、3730 km2、134227 km2,其中耕地主要分布在吉安、建昌以北的赣江中下游河谷平原区,城镇用地及农村居民点用地分布则较为零散,主要分布于河流两岸及河流交汇处;(3)从1820到1980年,江西省土地利用空间总体分布未发生大的改变,但受人口增长的影响,全省城镇用地、农居点和耕地的面积分别增加了364 km2、462 km2、16276 km2。
[Abstract]:Land use / cover change (LUCC) in historical period is the forerunner and foundation of modern land use / cover, and modern land use / cover is the continuation and development of land use change in historical period. The study of LUCC in historical period is helpful to correctly understand the inherent mechanism of the relationship between man and land and the harmonious development of man and land in the historical process. It has important reference significance for the current and future production activities and rational land use mode of human being. By revising the data of population and cultivated land in Jiangxi Province from 1393-1910, based on the distribution pattern of modern cultivated land, this paper quantifies the relationship between elevation, slope, distance from nearest river and population density and the spatial distribution of cultivated land. A grid allocation model of 1km 脳 1km historical cultivated land was established. The data of cultivated land area in 1393, 1491, 1578, 1661, 1782 and 1910 were brought into the grid reconstruction model, and the spatial distribution pattern of cultivated land with 6 time sections was obtained. On this basis, the temporal and spatial changes of cultivated land during the Ming and Qing dynasties were analyzed by using the cumulative change rate and spatiotemporal change index (STVI). The results showed that: (1) the cultivated land quantity in Jiangxi Province was stable in Ming and Qing dynasties, the cultivated land area decreased slightly in 1393-1578, increased gradually in 1661-1782, and decreased slowly in 1782-1910, and the cultivated land area was significantly affected by the population; (2) from the spatial distribution point of view, the cultivated land is mainly concentrated in the plain area of the middle and lower reaches of Ganjiang River, showing the trend of decreasing gradually to the outside, and the STVI value of the region is higher, indicating that the distribution of cultivated land in this area is relatively stable; (3) by introducing the 1980 cultivated land data into the reconstruction model, the results are positively correlated with the remote sensing interpretation data, and the correlation coefficient is 0.82, which indicates to some extent that the model can reconstruct the spatial distribution of cultivated land in the historical period of reconstruction. It has certain rationality. On the basis of the above research, this paper also selects 1820 years, which is rich in historical data, as time section, and reconstructs the spatial distribution of main ground classes under the grid of 1km 脳 1km in Jiangxi Province in 1820 by means of proximity analysis and suitability evaluation. The land use data of 1820 and 1980 were compared and analyzed. The results show that: (1) the results of reconstruction have passed the significance test, which shows that the reconstruction results are reasonable; (2) in 1820, the cultivated land, urban land, rural residential land, water area and other land area of Jiangxi Province were 29228 km2105 km2,1648 km2,3730 km2,134227 km2, respectively. The cultivated land was mainly distributed in the plain area of the middle and lower Ganjiang River valley north of Jianchang. The distribution of urban land and rural residential land is scattered, mainly in the river banks and river intersections. (3) from 1820 to 1980, the overall spatial distribution of land use in Jiangxi Province did not change significantly, but the area of urban land, agricultural settlements and cultivated land increased by 364 km2462 km2,16276 km2., respectively, due to the effect of population growth.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F301.24

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