新常态下加快转变农业发展方式问题研究

发布时间：2019-04-19 14:08

【摘要】：我国农业发展方式的转变经历了两个阶段:农业增长方式的转变和农业发展方式的转变。二者虽然只是一字之差,但却包含着不同的内容:指导观念不同、目标不同、制度因素不同和内涵不同。从增长方式到发展方式的转变,不仅仅代表着我国进一步深化了对农业经济发展规律的认识,而且也标志着我国农业发展方式在现实方面的变化。当前我国经济已经进入新常态。在新常态下,我国农业发展出现了新的特点:制度安排逐渐从被动调整转为主动设计;农业的生产成本持续走高;"第六产业"发展进程加速的势头明显;经营模式逐渐从小规模分散经营转向适度规模经营,经营方式多样化;农产品进口快速增长,农业安全形势严峻。在新常态的背景下,我国农业的发展迎来了新的发展机遇:我国农业在经济发展速度降到中高速的情况下,农业增长的实际数量仍然可观;我国的农业结构进一步优化;农业出现多元化的发展动力。同时,我国农业发展也面临着新的挑战:经济增速放缓对农业的挑战、经济结构不断优化对农业的挑战和经济发展动力转化对农业的挑战。面对农业发展的新机遇和新挑战,只有加快农业增长方式到农业发展方式的转变步伐,才能实现农业的现代化和四化的同步发展。新常态下,农业发展方式转变的影响因素主要有四个:技术因素、经济体制因素、劳动者自身因素和资本因素。面对这些制约因素,只有通过创新驱动、优化农业结构和增强农业发展的内生动力,才能加快农业发展方式的转变,赶上工业化、信息化和现代化的步伐,实现四化的同步发展,夯实全面建成小康社会和实现现代化的基础。
[Abstract]:The transformation of agricultural development mode in China has gone through two stages: the transformation of agricultural growth mode and the transformation of agricultural development mode. Although they are only one word difference, they contain different contents: different guiding ideas, different goals, different institutional factors and different connotations. The change from the mode of growth to the way of development not only represents the further deepening of the understanding of the law of agricultural economic development in China, but also indicates the change in the way of agricultural development in reality in our country. At present, China's economy has entered the new normal. Under the new normal, China's agricultural development has appeared new characteristics: institutional arrangement gradually changed from passive adjustment to active design; agricultural production costs continue to rise; "sixth industry" acceleration of the momentum of development process is obvious; The mode of operation is gradually changing from small-scale decentralized operation to moderate-scale operation, diversification of management mode, rapid growth of agricultural imports, severe agricultural safety situation. Under the background of the new normal, the agricultural development of our country ushered in the new development opportunity: under the condition that the economic development speed of our country drops to the medium-high speed, the actual quantity of the agricultural growth is still considerable, the agricultural structure of our country is further optimized, and the agricultural structure of our country is further optimized. There has been a diversification of the dynamics of development in agriculture. At the same time, the agricultural development of our country is also facing new challenges: the challenge of slowing economic growth to agriculture, the challenge of continuous optimization of economic structure to agriculture, and the challenge of transformation of economic development power to agriculture. In the face of the new opportunities and challenges of agricultural development, only by speeding up the transformation from agricultural growth mode to agricultural development mode can the modernization of agriculture and the simultaneous development of "four transformation" be realized. Under the new normal, there are four main factors influencing the transformation of agricultural development mode: technical factor, economic system factor, laborer's own factor and capital factor. In the face of these constraints, only through innovation-driven, optimizing the agricultural structure and enhancing the endogenous impetus of agricultural development can we speed up the transformation of agricultural development mode and catch up with the pace of industrialization, informatization and modernization. Realize the simultaneous development of the four transformation, tamping down the foundation of building a well-off society and realizing modernization in an all-round way.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323

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