石河子加工辣椒病毒病的调查与研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 22:01

本文关键词： 石河子加工辣椒病毒病检测　出处：《石河子大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：加工辣椒已快速成为新疆的红色产业，，对于农民收入和区域经济发展发挥了重要的作用。病毒病的发生严重影响了加工辣椒的产量和品质。因此，通过对新疆石河子加工辣椒病毒病的调查研究，为病毒病防治提供了理论依据。利用五点调查法对石河子加工辣椒上病毒病发生发展、症状类型、发病程度进行了初步调查。结果显示，2013年石河子加工辣椒病毒病从6月下旬开始发生，至8月下旬达高峰期。症状类型可归为4类：花叶型、黄化型、坏死型、畸形，其中花叶型最普遍，其次为坏死型；调查的6个加工辣椒种植地病毒病发病率和病情指数分别在14.5%~64.4%和9.0~41.5之间，且差异显著。说明加工辣椒病毒病在石河子地区普遍发生，且不同地方发病轻重程度不同。利用五点法对病毒病发病影响因素的调查结果显示，不同品种、栽培方式及有无防虫网对病毒病的发生存在显著影响。加工辣椒品种的抗病性越强，病毒病发生越轻；移栽发病轻，直播发病重；有防虫网发病轻，无防虫网发病重，表明品种、栽培方式及有无防虫网设置与病毒病发生关系密切。对采集的139份加工辣椒样品分别用10对特异性引物进行RT-PCR检测。结果表明，91%的加工辣椒样品呈阳性。检出的毒原种类有CMV、PMMoV、BBWV2、ChiVMV、TMV，其中CMV、PMMoV检出率最高，分别为61.9%、58.3%。说明危害石河子加工辣椒的主要病毒毒原为CMV、PMMoV。受侵染的样品中87份为复合侵染，存在7种复合侵染类型。各症状所对应毒原种类的检测结果发现，一株加工辣椒植株可以被一种病毒侵染或被多种病毒复合侵染。受同一种病毒侵染或同几种病毒复合侵染的不同加工辣椒植株上可表现出多种不同的症状。将获得的加工辣椒病毒分离物CMV-SC、PMMoV-SC、BBWV2-SZ克隆和测序，序列分析结果表明，CMV-SC与其它CMV分离物的同源性达93.7%-97.1%；PMMoV-SC与其它PMMoV分离物的同源性达94.1%-99.8%；BBWV2-SZ与其它BBWV2分离物的同源性达84.9%-99%。通过对田间调查及实验室病毒检测制定了五种病毒防治策略：选用抗病性强的品种、种子处理、移栽、设置防虫网以及加强田间管理等措施可防治加工辣椒上病毒病的发生与危害。
[Abstract]:Processing pepper has rapidly become a red industry in Xinjiang, which plays an important role in farmers' income and regional economic development. The occurrence of virus disease has seriously affected the yield and quality of processed pepper. Through the investigation and study on the virus disease of Shihezi processing pepper in Xinjiang, it provides the theoretical basis for the prevention and control of the virus disease. A preliminary investigation was made on the occurrence and development of virus disease, the type of symptoms and the degree of disease in Shihezi processing pepper by using the five-point investigation method. The results showed that the virus disease of Shihezi processing capsicum began to occur in 2013 from late June. By late August, the symptoms could be classified into 4 types: mosaic type, yellow type, necrotic type, deformity, among which the mosaic type was the most common, followed by the necrotic type. The incidence rate and disease index of virus disease in the 6 processed pepper plantations were between 14.54.4% and 9.0%, respectively, and the difference was significant, which indicated that the virus disease of processed pepper was common in Shihezi area, and the severity of the disease was different in different places. The results of the five-point method showed that different varieties, cultivation methods and insect repellent net had significant effects on the occurrence of virus diseases. The stronger the disease resistance of processed pepper varieties, the less the virus disease occurred. Transplanting is light, direct seeding is serious, insect prevention net is light, and no insect prevention net is serious, which indicates that variety, cultivation mode and net setting are closely related to the occurrence of virus disease. Ten pairs of specific primers were used to detect the RT-PCR of 139 processed chili samples. The results showed that 91% of the processed pepper samples were positive. The virulent species detected were CMV / PMMoV _ (2) ChiVMV / TMV, among which the detection rate of CMV / PMMoV was the highest. The main virus virulent of Shihezi processing chili was CMV / PMMoV, 87 of the infected samples were compound infection, and there were 7 kinds of complex infection types. The results of the detection of the virulent species corresponding to each symptom showed that the main virus virulence of Shihezi processing chili was CMV and PMMoV, and that there were 7 kinds of complex infection types in the infected samples. A processed pepper plant can be infected by one virus or by multiple viruses. Different processed pepper plants infected with the same virus or several different viruses can show many different symptoms. CMV-SCN PMMoV-SCN BBWV2-SZ was cloned and sequenced. The results of sequence analysis showed that the homology between CMV-SC and other CMV isolates was 93.7-97.1and the homology between PMMoV-SC and other PMMoV isolates was 94.1-99.8. The homology between BBWV2-SZ and other BBWV2 isolates was 84.9-99. Through field investigation and virus detection in laboratory, five kinds of virus control strategies were established: selection of varieties with strong resistance to disease, treatment of seeds, transplanting. The establishment of insect control net and the strengthening of field management can prevent and control the occurrence and harm of virus disease on processed pepper.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：S436.418.12

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