新疆生产建设兵团就业人口、经济发展特征及其区域分异研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 23:33

本文关键词：新疆生产建设兵团就业人口、经济发展特征及其区域分异研究　出处：《新疆大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新疆生产建设兵团是新疆维吾尔自治区的重要组成部分，担负着中央赋予的屯垦戍边的历史使命，是新疆经济发展、社会稳定、民族团结和边防巩固的重要力量。2014年4月29日，习近平总书记在五家渠市主持召开兵团座谈会，他指出，兵团的存在和发展绝非权宜之举，而是长远大计。新形势下兵团工作只能加强，不能削弱。要让兵团成为安边固疆的稳定器、凝聚各族群众的大熔炉、汇集先进生产力和先进文化的示范区。就业，是指达到法定劳动年龄、具有劳动能力的劳动者，运用生产资料依法从事某种社会劳动，并获得赖以为生的报酬收入或经营收入的经济活动。在国民经济运行过程中，就业包括两个方面：一是吸纳劳动力，增加就业机会，尽最大可能充分地利用劳动力资源，以创造更丰富的社会财富；二是安置暂时找不到工作岗位的失业人员，使其重新就业，或者保障其基本生活需要。就业是民生之本，既是一个重要的社会问题，又是一个重要的经济问题。兵团就业问题的解决有利于兵团自身经济社会的发展、为兵团全面建成小康社会夯实基础；兵团就业问题的解决、经济持续的发展，对整个新疆社会经济和谐稳定发展乃至全国社会经济持续健康发展都具有深远意义。本文利用2000-2012年新疆生产建设兵团就业人口、经济发展水平相关统计数据与行政区划等图件相关资料，运用时间序列分析法、经典统计分析法、象限图法、泰尔指数法、GIS手段等方法探讨了新疆生产建设兵团就业人口、经济发展的时序特征及区域分异规律，分析了兵团就业人口与经济发展之间两者的关系，研究发现：（1）2000-2012年新疆生产建设兵团就业人口一直呈现上升态势，就业人口产业构成呈现“一、三、二”的特征。2000-2012年兵团就业增长率波动较大（CV值为0.90）；就业结构在不断优化；第三产业就业人口的增长是促成总就业人口增长的主要因素。（2）2000-2012年新疆生产建设兵团第二、三产业内部各行业就业人口变化划分为增长型与下降型。增长型行业如电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业，建筑业、金融业、房地产业、批发和零售业等；下降型行业如采矿业、水利、环境和公共设施管理业与教育行业。（3）新疆生产建设兵团各师的就业人口变化具有显著差异，北疆地区就业人口与就业密度均高于南疆地区。一师、四师、六师、八师就业人口占绝对比重，2012年占总就业人口比重的70.09%。就业人口增长类型划分为增长型与负增长型，其中增长型的为六师、八师等，二师为负增长型。兵团就业密度具有显著的圈层特征。（4）新疆生产建设兵团的经济正在快速发展阶段，产业结构呈现“二、一、三”特征。1990-2012年新疆生产建设兵团的经济正在快速发展阶段，年均增长率为14.57%，产业结构在不断的优化升级。三次产业产值比重由1990年的45.8:32.1:22.1调整为2012年的32.4:39.7:27.9。（5）新疆生产建设兵团区域经济差异不断在扩大，区内差异是区域总差异的主要贡献者。区内差异主要是受六师、八师、建工师、一师的影响。经济发展水平相对较高的地区主要是受中心城市辐射作用的影响，如六师、八师，而经济发展滞后型的兵团各师主要集中分布在距离区域中心城市的边缘地带，受中心城市的辐射作用较小，占兵团的35.71%。（6）新疆生产建设兵团就业人口与经济发展呈正相关。兵团就业增长与经济增长呈现出“经济高增长、就业低增长”的特征，第三产业就业弹性的平均值最大，，吸纳就业的能力最强；结构偏离度在增大，产业结构与就业结构不均衡，而且这种不平衡性在不断扩大；第一产业相对劳动生产率整体趋势变化不大，第二产业相对劳动生产率整体呈上升趋势，第三产业相对劳动生产率呈逐年下降趋势，说明第三产业吸纳就业人口的能力在不断下降。针对以上情况，提出扩大兵团就业规模、提高兵团就业质量的对策。
[Abstract]:The Xinjiang production and Construction Corps is an important part of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, charged with giving the central tunkenshubian mission, is Xinjiang's economic development, social stability, national unity and the consolidation of Frontier important force of.2014 in April 29th, general secretary Xi Jinping presided over the canal in five Corps held a forum, he pointed out that the existence and development of the Corps is not expedient, but the long-term plan. Only the Corps work under the new situation to strengthen, not weaken. Let the Corps an edge of Xinjiang became solid stabilizer, cohesion melting pot of people of all nationalities, collection of advanced productive forces and culture demonstration area.
Employment refers to the legal working age, workers have the ability to work, using the production data to engage in some sort of social labor law, and obtain the living income or operating income in the national economic activities. In the process of economic operation, employment includes two aspects: one is to absorb labor force, increase employment opportunities, fully as much as possible the use of labor resources, to create more social wealth; the two is the placement of unemployed workers temporarily unable to find jobs, to re employment, and guarantee their basic living needs.
Employment is the people's livelihood, is an important social problem, but also is an important economic problem. To solve the employment problem of the Corps Corps itself is conducive to the development of economy and society, the Corps for building a well-off society to lay a solid foundation; to solve the employment problem of the Corps, the continued development of economy, which is of far-reaching significance to the whole Xinjiang is a harmonious and stable social and economic development and the national economic and social sustainable and healthy development.
This paper uses the 2000-2012 of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps employment, the relevant statistical data of the level of economic development and administrative zoning map data, using the method of time series analysis, classical statistical analysis, quadrant method, Theil index method, GIS means of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps employment, temporal characteristics and regional economic development distribution, analyses the relation between economic development and employment of the Corps population, the study found:
(1) 2000-2012 in Xinjiang production and Construction Corps employment has been an upward trend, the employment population industry constitute a "one, three, two" features.2000-2012 Corps employment growth rate fluctuations (CV = 0.90); the employment structure in the continuous optimization; third industry employment population growth is the main factor contributing to the total employment the growth of the population.
(2) 2000-2012 in Xinjiang production and Construction Corps second, third industry employment population growth and change into decline. Growth industries such as electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply industry, construction industry, financial industry, real estate industry, wholesale and retail; declining industries such as mining. Water conservancy, environment and public facilities management industry and education industry.
(3) the employment population changes of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps divisions had significant differences, in the northern region of employment population and employment density were higher than the southern region. A division, four division, six Division, eight division employment accounted for absolute proportion, in 2012 the proportion of the total employment population of 70.09%. employment population is classified into growth and growth negative growth, the growth for the six Division, eight division, two division of negative growth. Employment density has significant characteristics of the circle.
(4) is the stage of rapid development of Xinjiang production and construction corps economy, industrial structure has two, one is the stage of rapid development, the three characteristics of.1990-2012 years of Xinjiang production and construction corps economy, the average annual growth rate of 14.57%, in the continuous upgrading of the industrial structure optimization. The proportion of three industry output is adjusted by 45.8:32.1:22.1 in 1990 for the 2012 32.4:39.7:27.9.
(5) the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps, the difference of regional economy expanding, the regional difference is the main contribution to regional differences. The total area is mainly affected by the differences of the six Division, eight division, construction division, a division of the impact of economic development. The relatively high level of area is mainly affected by the radiation effect of the central city. Such as the six Division, eight division, and economic development lags behind the each Corps divisions are mainly distributed in the area from the center of the edge of the city, less affected by the radiation effect of the central city, accounting for 35.71%. of the Corps
(6) the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps population and economic development was positively related to employment. Employment growth and the economic growth of the Corps showing the high economic growth and low employment growth characteristics ", the average employment elasticity of the third industry, employment ability is the strongest; structure deviation degree increases, the industrial structure and employment structure is not balanced. And this kind of imbalance is expanding; the first industry relatively little change in the overall trend of labor productivity, the second industry relative labor productivity overall upward trend, the third industry relative labor productivity was gradually decreased, indicating that the third industry employment population continues to decline.
In view of the above situation, this paper puts forward the countermeasures to enlarge the scale of the employment of the corps and improve the quality of the corps' employment.

【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：E24;F249.27;F127

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