河南省人力资本与区域经济增长关系研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 05:48

本文关键词：河南省人力资本与区域经济增长关系研究　出处：《河南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国经济经历了三十多年的高速增长之后，出现了增速下滑的现象。原本靠大规模投资和出口推动的经济增长模式受到了质疑，作为中国区域经济重要组成部分的河南省也面临着同样的问题。在河南省经济发展过程中，物质资本投资长期受到重视，而人力资本的投资没有得到应有的重视。国内外许多学者很早就论证了人力资本投资对区域经济增长的巨大作用，其中一些学者利用经济计量模型，精确地测度了人力资本在区域经济增长中的贡献程度。他们的研究证明了加大对人力资本的投资，会大大地促进区域经济的增长。众多关于人力资本的研究，证实了人力资本在经济增长中的重要作用。学者们的研究告诉我们，发展区域经济，不但要重视物质资本的投入，还要重视人力资本的投入。对于区域经济建设而言，，增加对物质资本的投资固然是一个有效的方式，但是这种方式的效益性正在减小。尤其是在物质资本大量积累之后，增加对物质资本的投资显然并不再那么有效，物质资本的经济效益明显下降。相反，对于人力资本来说，这种积累不会降低人力资本的经济效益，反而增加了人力资本的经济效益。这是因为，人力资本的边际收益率是递增的，而不是像物质资本那样递减，这种特性就决定了人力资本投资的巨大意义。并且，人力资本对区域经济增长的作用是十分明显的，很多学者的研究已经证实了这一点。发展区域经济，要充分考虑到人力资本投资对区域经济增长的巨大影响，在重视物质资本投资的同时加大对人力资本的投资。河南省的经济建设对于顺利实现中部崛起有很大意义，所以我们要重视河南省的经济建设，保证河南省经济能够快速发展。在实现河南省经济快速增长的过程中，要重视人力资本的重要作用，加大对人力资本的投资力度。实现河南省人力资本的不断积累，提高河南省人力资本存量，使人力资本在河南省的经济增长中发挥更大的作用。相对于物质资本而言，人力资本有独特的优势。第一，人力资本边际收益呈现出边际递增现象，其经济效益不会随着投资的增加而降低。第二，人力资本有很强的外部性，能够结合其他因素促进经济发展。第三，人力资本投资具有长期性，这就要求我们对人力资本投资时要着眼长期，坚持不懈。河南省作为中原经济区的核心区域，在承接产业转移，实现中部经济增长中扮演着重要角色。研究河南省的经济发展原动力，测算出各种要素对河南省经济增长的贡献程度，对河南省在经济增长方面的战略决策有很高的参考价值。目前，人力资本的度量方法有很多种，研究中主要采用的方法为主成分法、投资法和平均受教育年限法。鉴于数据的可获得性等因素，采用平均受教育年限法有很大好处。通过这种方法，本研究测度了河南省1996-2012年的人力资本存量。之后，论文建立了人力资本计量模型，对河南省人力资本对经济增长的贡献程度进行测算。回归结果显示，对于河南省来说，增加河南省人力资本存量1%，会引起河南省经济增长2.692%。最后，为了实现河南省区域经济更好更快的发展，河南省要重视人力资本的投资，增加人力资本在经济增长中的作用。首先要加大教育投入，尤其是高等教育的投入。其次，鼓励各企业对其企业员工进行在职培训。再者，改善医疗卫生条件，保障人口健康。此外，还需建立起人才的引进机制，完善人才发展环境，将人才吸引到河南，并且做到将人才留在河南，为河南省经济长期做贡献。
[Abstract]:After Chinese economy has experienced thirty years of rapid growth, the growth rate decline phenomenon. The pattern of economic growth promote originally by heavy investment and exports has been questioned, as China regional economy is an important part of Henan province is also facing the same problem. In the process of economic development in Henan Province, the material capital investment long-term attention however, human capital investment has not been given due attention. Many domestic and foreign scholars have long demonstrated the great role of human capital investment on regional economic growth, some scholars use econometric models to accurately measure the human capital in the regional economic growth contribution degree. Their research proved to increase human capital the investment will greatly promote regional economic growth.
Many studies on human capital, confirmed the important role of human capital in economic growth. The scholars tell us that the development of regional economy, not only pay attention to the material capital investment, but also pay attention to the investment in human capital. For the construction of regional economy, increase the investment of material capital is an effective the way, but the benefits of this kind of way is reduced. Especially after the accumulation of material capital, increase the investment of material capital is clearly less effective, material capital, economic benefits decreased significantly. On the contrary, for the human capital, the human capital accumulation will not reduce the economic benefits, but the increase in human capital economy benefit. This is because the marginal return ratio of human capital is increasing, rather than decreasing as material capital, this characteristic determines the human capital investment The great significance and human capital is very obvious on the regional economic growth, many scholars have confirmed this point. The development of regional economy, should give full consideration to the impact on regional economic growth of human capital investment, while the importance of physical capital investment to increase the investment of human capital. The economic development of Henan Province is of great significance for the smooth realization of the central rise, so we should pay more attention to the economic development of Henan Province, Henan Province, to ensure the economy developed rapidly. In the process of rapid economic growth in Henan Province, should pay attention to the important role of human capital, to increase human capital investment to achieve continuous accumulation of human capital. Henan Province, Henan province to improve the stock of human capital, play a greater role in the human capital in the economic growth of Henan province.
Relative to the material capital, human capital has its unique advantages. First, the marginal return of human capital showing a marginal increasing phenomenon, its economic benefits will not decrease with the increase of investment. Second, human capital has a strong externality, combined with other factors to promote economic development. Third, human capital investment is long-term. This requires us to focus on the long term, human capital investment unremittingly.
Henan province is the core area of the Central Plains Economic Zone, to undertake industrial transfer, implementation plays an important role in economic growth in Henan province. Research on driving force of economic development, to calculate the various elements of the contribution to the economic growth of Henan Province, has a high reference value for the decision-making strategy in terms of economic growth in Henan province.
At present, there are many kinds of methods to measure human capital, the main use of the method of main component method, investment method and the average years of education. In view of the availability of data and other factors, the average years of education is of great benefit. By this method, the measure of Henan Province 1996-2012 years of human the stock of capital. After the establishment of human capital measurement model of human capital of Henan Province, calculates the contribution to economic growth. The regression results show that for Henan Province, increase human capital in Henan province 1%, will cause the economic growth of Henan province 2.692%.
Finally, in order to realize the regional economy in Henan province better and faster development, Henan province should attach importance to human capital investment, increase the role of human capital in economic growth. We should increase investment in education, especially higher education investment. Secondly, encourage the enterprise to make the on-the-job training for its enterprise employees. Furthermore, improve health security conditions, population health. In addition, we should set up the mechanism of introducing talents, improve the talent development environment, to attract talent to Henan, and do the talent to stay in Henan, in Henan province for the long-term economic contribution.

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F127;F249.27

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