中印两国对外直接投资比较研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 04:14

本文关键词：中印两国对外直接投资比较研究　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对外直接投资是一个国家参与国际分工的重要形式，在经济发展中发挥着重要作用。随着经济的发展，全球对外直接投资规模不断扩大。近年来，发展中国家对外直接投资发展迅速，受到广泛的关注。中印两国作为世界两大重要经济体，在世界经济中发挥着重要作用，两国同为发展中国家，并且都是人口大国，经济发展具有一定的相似性，因而对外直接投资的发展具有可比性。两国对外直接投资发展迅速，投资规模不断扩大，但在投资行业、投资区位选择、投资主体以及投资绩效方面存在差异。印度在投资行业、区位选择以及投资主体方面具有优势，表现为对高新技术投资发展迅速，对发达国家投资的比重较大，私营企业在对外直接投资中占据重要地位，这都是值得我们借鉴和学习的地方。纵向来看，我国对外直接投资的流量和存量都处于不断上升趋势，其发展取得了很大的成就。但从总体规模上看，与发达国家还存在很大差距，同时存在对外直接投资区域过于集中、私营企业在对外直接投资中所占份额较低、投资绩效不佳等问题。本文采用对比研究、理论研究与实证研究相结合的方法对中印两国对外直接投资的特点进行比较，并分析对外直接投资的经济效应，总结我国在对外直接投资方面存在的不足以及印度在投资方面的优势，从而为我国对外直接投资提供合理化建议。我国应该加强对对外直接投资的政策扶持，调整投资的行业结构，，培养国际化人才，善于利用自身比较优势，不断提高对外直接投资的绩效，加强对外直接投资对经济的促进作用。因此，对两国对外直接投资进行比较研究具有重要意义。本文首先介绍了研究的背景和意义，确定选题的价值。通过阅读大量文献，了解国内外学者对于中国和印度对外直接投资的研究现状以及对外直接投资的理论基础，从而为两国进行对外直接投资的原因做出解释。然后运用比较研究法对中印两国对外直接投资的特点进行比较，包括发展历史、投资规模、投资行业、区位选择、投资主体、投资方式，总结出相同点和差异：两国对外直接投资都发展迅速，但与发达国家相比还存在很大差距，且与其经济发展水平不符；与中国相比，印度对软件、制药等高科技行业的投资比重更大，且对发达国家的投资比重大；国有企业在中国对外直接投资中占主导，而印度的对外直接投资以私营企业为主；跨国并购逐渐成为对外直接投资的主要方式。接下来运用邓宁的对外直接投资发展周期理论，判断两国对外直接投资所处的阶段，结果表明根据该理论得出的中国对外直接投资应处的阶段与实际不符；借助计量软件，利用时间序列数据，通过单位根检验、协整检验、误差修正模型和格兰杰因果检验研究两国对外直接投资对宏观经济的影响。最后，总结我国对外直接投资存在的问题，借鉴印度的相关经验，提出进一步促进我国对外直接投资发展的建议：政府要对对外直接投资进行积极引导，在政策和资金方面进行支持；调整对外直接投资的行业结构和区位分布，使对外直接投资能有效地促进产业结构的调整，促进技术及管理水平的提高，拉动国内相关产业的发展；要注重对国际化人才的培养，为企业的海外投资储备人才；注重对东道国投资环境的考察，不能盲目进行扩张，要结合企业自身的需要，从而提高对外直接投资的效益。
[Abstract]:Foreign direct investment is an important form of a country participating in international division of labor, plays an important role in economic development. With the development of economy, global foreign direct investment scale is continually expanding. In recent years, the rapid development of foreign direct investment in developing countries, received extensive attention. China and India as the world's two major economies, plays an important role in the world economy, the two countries with the developing countries, and has a large population, economic development has a certain similarity, which is comparable to that of the development of foreign direct investment. China's foreign direct investment has developed rapidly, expanding the scale of investment, but investment in the industry, the choice of investment location, investment subject and investment performance differences. India in the investment industry, has the advantage of location selection and investment, for the rapid development of high-tech investment in developed. The proportion of the state investment is large, and the private enterprise occupies an important position in the foreign direct investment, which is all the place for us to learn from and learn.
The vertical perspective, China's foreign direct investment flows and stocks are in a rising trend, its development has made great achievements. But from the overall scale, there is a big gap with the developed countries, and foreign direct investment area is too concentrated, private enterprises in foreign direct investment in the low share of problems, the investment performance is poor. Comparative study on the comparison of characteristics of theoretical research and empirical research method of combining the India and China foreign direct investment, and analyses the economic effects of foreign direct investment, summarizes our country existing foreign direct investment in India and the shortage of advantages in terms of investment, so as to provide reasonable suggestions for China's foreign direct investment. China should strengthen the foreign direct investment policy support, industry restructuring investment, cultivate international talents, to use their own good Therefore, it is of great significance to make a comparative study of the two countries' outward FDI.
This paper firstly introduces the background and significance of the study, to determine the value of the topic. By reading a lot of literature, understanding of domestic and foreign scholars research status China and India foreign direct investment and foreign direct investment theory, so as to conduct foreign direct investment between the two countries. Then explain the characteristics of using the method of comparative study of China and India foreign direct investment are compared, including development history, investment scale, investment industry, location choice, the main body of investment, investment, summed up the similarities and differences between the two countries: foreign direct investment has developed rapidly, but compared with the developed countries there is still a big gap, and the level of economic development is inconsistent; and Chinese compared to India the proportion of software, pharmaceuticals and other high-tech industries greater investment, and investments in developed countries than the major state-owned enterprises in Chinese; foreign direct investment accounted for The dominant, while foreign direct investment in India is dominated by private enterprises; transnational merger and acquisition has gradually become the main mode of foreign direct investment. Then the use of foreign direct investment in the development of the Denning cycle theory, the judgment of the foreign direct investment of the stage, results show that according to the theory of foreign direct investment Chinese shall be inconsistent with the actual stage with the help of; the measurement software, using time series data, through the unit root test, cointegration test, error correction model and Granger causality test on Grainger effect of the foreign direct investment on the macro economy. Finally, summarize the existing problems of China's foreign direct investment, drawing on the experience of India, proposed to further promote the development of China's foreign direct investment recommendations: the government should actively guide the foreign direct investment and support in terms of policy and funding; the adjustment of foreign direct investment The industry structure and regional distribution of resources, so that foreign direct investment can effectively promote the adjustment of industrial structure, promote the technical and management level, stimulating the development of related domestic industries; to focus on the cultivation of international talents for enterprises, overseas investment reserve talents; focus on the investment environment of the host country, not blindly expansion, according to the needs of the enterprise itself, so as to improve the efficiency of foreign direct investment.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F125.5;F135.1

【参考文献】