基于战略小生境管理的我国绿色技术创新研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 07:33

  本文关键词： 战略小生境管理 绿色技术创新 小生境内部三个进程 多层次视角 技术转型　出处：《中国科学技术大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展,环境恶化已经成为全世界所面临的重大问题,中国经历了30年的经济的高速增长,也面临着环境的巨大挑战。多年来国内外学者试图从不同的角度去探寻解决生态转型的途径,但收效甚微。近年来,人们逐渐系统的认识到环境问题的产生,不仅仅是来自技术方面,而且还来自包括消费者、政策、基础设施、文化等各个方面。要彻底解决环境问题,不能单纯的对现有技术进行革新,还要从整个社会系统转型的层面来探究。 战略小生境管理(Strategic Niche Management, SNM)正是基于这一认识论而兴起的,该思想起源于演化经济学。从学术理论联系上来看,战略小生境管理同技术转型理论(Technological Transions, TT)、多层次视角(The Multi-level Perspective, MLP)有着密切的关系。其中,小生境(Niche)是创新出现、发展和走向成熟的地方,是技术转型系统中的微观层面。战略小生境管理的核心思想就是通过对发展成功的小生境环境进行模拟,加速创新的发展。在一个小生境里,创新同用户实践、规则等元素一起发展,因此,战略小生境管理不是一种单纯的由技术升级来推动可持续发展的方法,而是技术与社会共同演化,以实现社会系统的转型。 自上个世纪90年代末以来,战略小生境管理成为国外学者在可持续发展方面的研究热点之一。其中,战略小生境管理内部三个进程揭示了在何种小生境环境下创新可以得以发展,小生境发展的内部三个进程包括期望的形成、创新网络的构建和学习过程。除此之外,还有学者研究发现,体制(Regime)同小生境之间的动态交互也会影响小生境创新的发展。 通过文献研究,我发现国内几乎没有学者涉及到战略小生境管理这一理论的研究,而国外学者的实证研究也多数限于案例。本文尝试将体制和小生境之间的动态交互同战略小生境管理内部三个进程结合起来,试图解释小生境创新的发展机制。在实证研究部分,本文以我国绿色技术创新为研究对象,通过对2003年至2010年的省际绿色技术创新专利数据进行分析,找出并确定我国绿色技术创新的小生境省份。此后,又通过构建模型进行回归研究,发现了这些小生境省份绿色技术创新成功发展的影响因素,并深入探讨了小生境和体制之间的动态交互对促进创新发展的机制,进一步解释了小生境发展的规律。实证研究证明,主流技术的竞争压力会降低小生境内部分行动者的创新意愿,并且延缓小生境创新的进程。然而,主流技术的竞争也会激励部分小生境研发人员的学习过程,正是主流技术的压力刺激了这些研发人员的“斗志”,促使他们学习以改进新技术,使之更有竞争力,推动创新的发展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid economic development, environmental degradation has become a major problem facing the world. China has experienced rapid economic growth for 30 years. Over the years, scholars at home and abroad have tried to find ways to solve the ecological transformation from different angles, but the results have been very little. In recent years, people have gradually realized the emergence of environmental problems systematically. Not only from technology, but also from consumer, policy, infrastructure, culture and so on. Also from the whole social system transformation level to explore. Strategic Niche Management is based on this epistemology. This idea originates from evolutionary economics. From the point of view of academic theory connection, strategic niche management and technological transition theory (TTT). The Multi-level perspective (MLP) has a close relationship, in which niche niches are the emergence of innovation. The key idea of strategic niche management is to simulate the successful development of niche environment. Accelerate the development of innovation. In a niche, innovation develops with user practice, rules and other elements. Therefore, strategic niche management is not a simple way to promote sustainable development by technology upgrading. But technology and social evolution, to achieve the transformation of the social system. Since the end of -10s, strategic niche management has become one of the research hotspots in the field of sustainable development. The three internal processes of strategic niche management reveal in which niche environment innovation can be developed, and the three internal processes of niche development include the formation of expectations. In addition, some scholars have found that the dynamic interaction between the system and niche can also affect the development of niche innovation. Through the literature research, I found that almost no domestic scholars involved in the study of strategic niche management theory. The empirical studies of foreign scholars are mostly limited to cases. This paper attempts to combine the dynamic interaction between the system and niche with the three internal processes of strategic niche management. This paper tries to explain the development mechanism of niche innovation. In the part of empirical research, this paper focuses on green technological innovation in China. By analyzing the patent data of green technology innovation between 2003 and 2010, the author finds out and determines the niche province of green technology innovation in China. After that, the regression analysis is carried out by building a model. The factors influencing the successful development of green technology innovation in these niche provinces are found, and the mechanism of dynamic interaction between niche and system to promote innovation development is discussed in depth. Further explained the law of niche development. Empirical studies prove that the competitive pressure of mainstream technology will reduce the innovation will of some actors in Xiaosheng territory and delay the process of niche innovation. The competition of mainstream technology will also stimulate the learning process of some niche R & D personnel. It is the pressure of mainstream technology that stimulates the "fighting spirit" of these R & D personnel and urges them to learn to improve the new technology. Make it more competitive, promote the development of innovation.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.3;X383

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