山西省人口、资源环境与经济发展协调关系研究

发布时间：2018-02-25 00:23

本文关键词： 人口资源环境经济协调发展主成分分析法隶属度函数山西省　出处：《山西财经大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,随着经济的快速发展,我国社会发展进入了一个新的历史阶段。然而,长期以来我国传统的以物质资源消耗带动经济增长的模式,片面追求高产值的畸形发展导致了人与自然关系的逐渐失衡,经济发展赖以生存的自然资源正走向枯竭之路。党的十八大报告将生态文明建设置于与经济建设、政治建设、文化建设和社会建设同等重要地位,提倡要尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念。从人口、资源与环境经济学角度讲,建设生态文明就是要协调人口、资源环境与经济之间的关系。山西省以资源型经济为主,长期依靠煤炭开发和资源型产业带动工业化发展,但这种高能耗、高污染的粗放型经济发展道路,使得山西省原本脆弱的环境遭到破坏。同时,人力资本后备不足严重影响了山西省高新技术产业发展和产业结构的优化升级进程。正确认识人口、资源环境、经济之间的相互协调机制与发展水平,可为山西省的战略发展提供重要的依据。本文依托可持续发展理论、协调发展理论、生态伦理学理论,对国内外相关研究进展进行阐述,并分析山西省人口、资源环境、经济的发展现状。在此基础上,根据科学性、系统性、区域性等原则,构建了适用于山西省人口、资源环境与经济协调发展评价的指标体系,运用主成分分析法,对山西省2004年至2014年人口、资源环境、经济综合发展水平进行了计算与分析。继而,基于2004-2014年人口、资源环境、经济综合发展指数,运用隶属度函数模型,对2004-2014年山西省人口、资源环境与经济协调发展水平进行了评价。同时,利用2012-2014年数据对山西省十一个地市人口、资源环境、经济相关指标数据,对山西省各地市人口、资源环境与经济协调发展状况进行了对比与分析。研究结果表明山西省人口、资源环境与经济协调发展存在如下问题:(1)山西省产业结构单一,对资源的过度依赖使得山西省经济抵御市场风险的能力低,人口、资源环境与经济协调发展的稳定性差;(2)资源性产业主导下的山西省资源环境与人口、经济发展矛盾突出,资源环境发展相对滞后;(3)人口老龄化加剧,人口红利问题初显;(4)人力资本后备不足,科技创新人才缺乏;(5)与全国人口、资源环境、经济综合发展平均水平相比,目前山西省人口、资源环境与经济仍属于粗放型经济发展模式下的低水平协调发展;(6)山西省各地区发展不平衡,人口、资源环境、经济各系统间协调发展水平差异显著。针对目前山西省人口、资源环境与经济协调发展中存在的问题,本文提出实现山西省人口、资源环境与经济可持续发展的对策建议:加快转型优化升级,完善产业结构;加快对煤炭行业的整合、大力发展新能源和新材料产业、大力培育发展现代服务业;加强节能降耗和环境治理力度,积极推进山西省绿色发展;加强科技经费投入,鼓励技术创新;从多视角应对人口老龄化问题,提升人力资本;加强区域合作,缩小区域综合发展水平差距等。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economy, China's social development has entered a new historical stage. However, the traditional consumption of material resources to promote economic growth, abnormal development of one-sided pursuit of high value gradually led to the imbalance of the relationship between man and nature, the survival of the natural economic development resources are being exhausted way. The eighteen Party's report will be placed on the construction of ecological civilization and economic construction, political construction, cultural construction and social construction are equally important position, advocated respect for nature, comply with nature, protecting the natural ecological civilization concept. From the perspective of population, resources and environmental economics, the construction of ecological civilization is to coordinate the relationship between population, resource environment and economy in Shanxi province. Based on resource based economy, relying on coal resources industry development and industrialization development, but this kind of energy Consumption, extensive economic development and high pollution, the Shanxi Province, the fragile environment is destroyed. At the same time, human capital reserve shortage has seriously affected the optimization and upgrading of Shanxi Province high-tech industry development and industrial structure in the process. The correct understanding of population, resources and environment, the coordination mechanism and economic development level between, can provide an important basis for the strategic development of Shanxi province. Based on the theory of sustainable development, coordinated development theory, the theory of ecological ethics, research progress at home and abroad are described, and the analysis of Shanxi province population, resources and environment, the current situation of the development of the economy. On this basis, according to scientific, systematic, regional principle, construction for the population in Shanxi Province, the evaluation index system of resources environment and economy coordinated development, the use of principal component analysis in Shanxi province from 2004 to 2014 the population, resources and environment, the Comprehensive economic development level is calculated and analyzed. Then, based on 2004-2014 years of population, resources and environment, economic development index, using the membership function model for 2004-2014 years, the population in Shanxi Province, the level of coordinated development of economy and environment resources are evaluated. At the same time, using 2012-2014 years of data on eleven city population, Shanxi resources and environmental indicators, economic data of Shanxi province population, the status of the coordinated development of economy and environment resources are compared and analyzed. The results show that Shanxi province population, resources environment and economy coordinated development has the following problems: (1) Shanxi Province, the industrial structure of a single, over reliance on resources makes the ability of Shanxi the provincial economy to resist market risk is low, the stability of the coordinated development of population, resources and environment and economic difference; (2) resource under the leading industry of Shanxi province population resources environment and economic development. The contradiction between resources and environment, development lags behind; (3) the aging population, the demographic dividend paying problem; (4) human capital reserve is insufficient, lack of innovation talents of science and technology; (5) and the national population, resources and environment, economic development compared to average level, at present Shanxi Province population, resources environment and economy is still low the level of the coordinated development of the extensive mode of economic development; (6) the area of Shanxi Province, the unbalanced development of population, resources, environment and economy coordinated development level between each system significantly. At present the population in Shanxi Province, there is the coordinated development of economy and environment resources, this paper presents the implementation of population in Shanxi Province, countermeasures and suggestions of resources the sustainable development of environment and economy, accelerate the transformation and upgrading, improve the industrial structure; accelerate the integration of the coal industry, vigorously develop new energy and new materials industry, vigorously foster the development of modern service industry; and We must vigorously promote the green development of Shanxi province by strengthening energy conservation, reducing consumption and environmental governance, strengthening investment in science and technology, encouraging technological innovation, coping with population aging from multiple perspectives, enhancing human capital, strengthening regional cooperation and narrowing the gap of regional comprehensive development.

【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F127

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