金砖国家国民收入初次分配格局的比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 22:35

本文选题：金砖国家　切入点：国民收入初次分配格局　出处：《河南师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：一国国民收入分配格局不仅反映社会再生产的过程和结果，而且直接影响生产要素的合理配置以及宏观经济的运行。合理的国民收入分配格局有利于维护社会稳定和谐，为国民经济的健康发展创造良好的外部环境。金砖国家作为最具代表性的发展中国家组织，本文研究其国民收入初次分配格局的特点和共性，并借助发达国家和其他发展中国家的数据，推测经济发展与一国国民收入初次分配格局之间的变动规律，主要是指人均GDP与劳动份额之间呈现的演变规律，即是否存在正“U”型规律。本文利用经济合作与发展组织（以下用其英文缩写OECD代替）、中国统计年鉴提供的相关数据对金砖国家（除巴西外）国民收入初次分配格局进行了研究。在分析金砖国家历年国民收入初次分配格局后，发现中国的国民收入初次分配格局存在政府主导、企业偏向的特征，劳动份额处于劣势地位；俄罗斯的劳动份额在金砖国家中“U”型转折点趋势最为明显；印度的民主稳定型国民收入初次分配格局存在“一高一低”的现象，即企业份额偏高，劳动份额偏低；南非国民收入初次分配格局则是呈现波动型，具体表现为劳动份额不断被企业和政府份额所侵蚀。在此基础上以代表发达国家、经济转型国家和“拉美化”国家参比经济体的劳动份额演变规律为参照物，横向对比金砖国家的劳动份额，，得出金砖国家国民收入初次分配格局的共性，居民份额偏低、随着人均GDP的增加居民份额没有出现明显的“U”型趋势是其基本特征。而数据统计过程中值得一提的是发展中人口大国（这里指中国和印度）国民收入初次分配格局的测算方法是值得考究的，经过对比中印两国数据调整前后的国民收入初次分配格局，发现对发展中国家而言，如果把混合收入全部纳入劳动报酬或全部纳入资本报酬，得出的国民收入初次分配格局都会与实际情况出现较大偏离。因此，只有按照实际情况对混合收入进行拆分，才能较为准确的反映国民收入分配的实际，才能进行有效的国家间的比较。本文还以各国制度变迁的历程来验证各国国民收入初次分配格局的演变，发现各时期金砖国家的制度变迁正契合其国民收入初次分配格局的份额变动，这可以推测出制度因素在国民收入初次分配格局中起到的重要作用。最后是对本文的结论和政策建议。
[Abstract]:A country's national income distribution pattern not only reflects the process and outcome of social reproduction, but also directly affect the rational allocation of production factors and the operation of the macro economy. The distribution pattern of national income reasonable is conducive to maintaining social stability and harmony, for the healthy development of the national economy to create a good external environment. The BRIC countries as the most representative organizations of developing countries in this paper, the national income distribution pattern of the characteristics and commonness, and with the help of developed countries and other developing countries, that changes between economic development and national income distribution pattern, mainly refers to the evolution between GDP per capita and labor share, whether there is the rule of "U".
The organization for economic cooperation and development (hereinafter abbreviated with the English OECD instead), China related data provided by statistical yearbook of the BRIC countries (except Brazil) national income distribution pattern were studied. In the analysis of the BRIC countries in the initial distribution of national income pattern, found the primary distribution pattern of national income China the existence of government the dominant feature, enterprises, labor share at a disadvantage; Russia's labor share in the BRIC countries in the "U" type turning point the most obvious trend of stable democracy; national income distribution pattern in India at the beginning of the existence of the "high" phenomenon, namely the enterprise share is high, the labor share is low; the initial distribution of national income in South Africa the pattern is the fluctuation type, the specific performance of labor share eroded by the enterprise and the government share. On the basis of the representative of the developed countries, the The national economy and "hispanicization" national reference economy labor share evolution as the reference transformation, comparison of the BRIC countries BRIC countries that labor share, national income distribution pattern in common, low share of residents, with the increase in per capita GDP residents share no obvious tendency of "U" is the basic is a country with a large population characteristics. In the development of data and statistical process is worth mentioning (here refers to Chinese and India) calculation method of national income distribution pattern is worthy of study, through the national income distribution pattern between China and India data before and after the adjustment, found in developing countries, if the mixed income into labor remuneration or all included in the return to capital, the primary distribution pattern of national income that will appear larger deviation with the actual situation. Therefore, only in accordance with the actual situation of The separation of mixed income can reflect the actual distribution of national income more accurately, so as to make an effective comparison between countries.
Taking the history of different countries of institutional change to verify the evolution of national income distribution pattern, the system changes the BRIC countries are fit for the share of national income distribution pattern changes, it can be speculated that institutional factors play an important role in the national income distribution pattern. Finally is the conclusion of this article and policy recommendations.

【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F113.8

【共引文献】