中朝经贸关系的现状及展望

发布时间：2018-03-10 06:04

本文选题：朝鲜经济　切入点：中朝经贸　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：朝鲜民主主义人民共和国地处朝鲜半岛北部,与中国吉林省、辽宁省接壤,自古就是中国的友好邻邦。中朝建交65年来,经历了风风雨雨的历练和考验,中国始终立足于两国传统的友谊,与朝鲜维持着兄弟邻邦的良好关系。朝鲜一直坚持着社会主义自主型的计划经济体制,此种体制曾在当时的历史条件下促进了朝鲜经济的快速发展。但随着冷战结束,国际形势发生变化,加之频繁自然灾害的侵蚀,上世纪90年代朝鲜经济遭受重创。此种封闭型的经济体制越来越不能适应国际环境的变化,束缚性越来越明显。因此,朝鲜开始逐步尝试改变,扩大对外贸易发展,建设各类经济开发区,吸引国外投资。而绝对优势理论、比较优势理论及要素比例理论都从理论角度奠定了朝鲜进行国际贸易的绝对可行性。同时,由于新经济地理论指出运输距离越近,贸易成本就越小,受益就会越大。中国作为朝鲜的友好邻邦,在地缘上有绝对优势。因此,中朝之间开展经贸合作有良好的基础条件。另外中朝两国贸易历史悠久,从古代的朝贡贸易,到如今的现汇贸易,中朝贸易规模逐渐扩大、贸易形式逐渐多样化,发展呈现出良好的前景。中朝经贸合作的开展不仅为朝鲜带来可观的外汇收益,促进了朝鲜的经济发展。同时也为我国进行产业梯度转移、进一步焕发经济活力、扩大对外开放提供了良好的机遇。同时,中朝经贸的合作促进了朝鲜融入国际社会的步伐,对缓和朝鲜半岛局势,解决朝核问题,最终实现东北亚地区的繁荣稳定有着重大的意义。因此,开展中朝经贸合作不仅具有历史和地缘优势的必然,同时更有促进中朝双方互利共赢、缓和朝鲜半岛局势,促进东北亚经济一体化发展的重要意义。本文以时间为序分析了朝鲜经济发展历程,结合国际贸易的理论,对中朝经贸关系的历史与现状进行了全面系统的梳理分析,进一步明确中朝开展经贸合作的可行性、必然性和重要性。同时结合国际国内形势的变化,对中朝贸易的特点、商品结构的变化及存在的问题进行分析。另外,借助威海与朝鲜经济合作的实例,对中朝经贸的发展做出了展望,并提出政策建议,以促进中朝经贸合作健康快速的发展。
[Abstract]:The Democratic people's Republic of Korea is located in the northern part of the Korean Peninsula, bordering Jilin Province and Liaoning Province of China. Since ancient times, the Democratic people's Republic of Korea has been a friendly neighbor of China. In the 65 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the DPRK, it has experienced ups and downs. China has always been based on the traditional friendship between the two countries and maintained good relations with its brothers and neighbors. North Korea has always adhered to a socialist autonomous planned economic system, which promoted the rapid development of the Korean economy under historical conditions at that time. However, with the end of the cold war, the international situation has changed. Combined with the erosion of frequent natural disasters, in -10s, the Korean economy suffered a heavy blow. This closed economic system is becoming increasingly unable to adapt to the changes in the international environment, and the restraint is becoming more and more obvious. Therefore, North Korea began to gradually try to change. Expanding the development of foreign trade, building various economic development zones, attracting foreign investment. And the absolute advantage theory, comparative advantage theory and factor ratio theory all lay the absolute feasibility of North Korea's international trade from a theoretical point of view. As the neo-economic theory states that the closer the transportation, the smaller the trade cost and the greater the benefits. China, as a friendly neighbor of North Korea, has an absolute advantage in geography. There are good basic conditions for developing economic and trade cooperation between China and North Korea. In addition, China and North Korea have a long history of trade. From the ancient tributary trade to the present foreign exchange trade, the scale of trade between China and the DPRK has gradually expanded and the forms of trade have gradually diversified. The development of economic and trade cooperation between China and the DPRK has not only brought considerable foreign exchange earnings to the DPRK and promoted the economic development of the DPRK, but also carried out industrial gradient transfer for our country and further revitalized the economy. Opening wider to the outside world provides a good opportunity. At the same time, Sino-DPRK economic and trade cooperation has promoted the DPRK's integration into the international community, and has contributed to easing the situation on the Korean peninsula and resolving the North Korean nuclear issue. The ultimate realization of prosperity and stability in Northeast Asia is of great significance. Therefore, developing economic and trade cooperation between China and the DPRK not only has historical and geographical advantages, but also promotes mutual benefit and win-win cooperation between China and the DPRK, thus easing the situation on the Korean Peninsula. The significance of promoting economic integration in Northeast Asia. This paper analyzes the history of North Korea's economic development in chronological order, combines the theory of international trade, makes a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the history and present situation of Sino-Korean economic and trade relations, and further clarifies the feasibility of Sino-Korean economic and trade cooperation. Inevitability and importance. At the same time, considering the changes in the international and domestic situation, the characteristics of Sino-Korean trade, the changes in commodity structure and the existing problems are analyzed. In addition, with the help of an example of economic cooperation between Weihai and the DPRK, The development of Sino-Korean economy and trade is prospected, and policy suggestions are put forward to promote the healthy and rapid development of Sino-Korean economic and trade cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F125.5

【参考文献】