能源与环境约束下新疆产业结构优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 08:01

本文选题：能源消耗　切入点：环境约束　出处：《新疆财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：不同的产业结构对能源消耗和环境污染有着很大的差异，因此，一个国家或地区经济增长的质量和持续性跟产业结构的合理与否有着直接的关系。资源为经济发展提供物质基础，资源的开采和利用是以环境为依托的；随着经济的发展，资源的稀缺、生态环境的破坏以及环境承载能力的有限性都将对我国经济发展有着重要的影响。因此，对于一个国家或地区而言，将能源与环境两个因素纳入到产业结构优化研究中，从而实现经济与资源环境的协调发展目标具有重要的实际意义。新疆位于我国西部边境地区，在我国西部大开发战略中占有重要的位置，同时也是我国经济对西开放的桥头堡和重要的能源战略基地；在我国改革开放的三十多年来，新疆的经济虽然取得了举世瞩目的成就，但是在新疆长期的建设中形成的以资源产业为主的产业结构，并且长期保持这种粗放型的增长方式，因此，在经济增长过程中必然带来严重的资源环境问题。虽然新疆有着丰富的自然资源，但是地处我国西部边陲地区的新疆生态环境比较脆弱，自然资源的开采给当地的环境带来了破坏。并且随着新疆经济的发展，新疆能源消费快速增加，从近几年新疆的能源平衡表中也可以看出，新疆的能源开始出现赤字；对资源环境的无限需求与资源环境本身的承载能力有限之间的矛盾成为资源环境约束存在的主要原因。因此，在严峻的能源环境问题上，国家和地方都提出了节能减排的目标。新疆“十二五”规划纲要指出发展目标，全区生产总值年均增长10%以上①，产业结构更趋合理，，三次产业发展质量和水平显著提高，资源利用效率明显提高，有效控制万元生产总值能耗，促使新疆健康有序的快速发展。本文对产业结构优化的研究是在能源和环境两个约束条件下来进行的。在产业结构理论、可持续发展理论和节能减排等相关理论的基础上，对新疆产业结构优化进行研究。本文作了如下安排：在第三章，首先对新疆产业结构现状进行分析，发现近些年来新疆产业结构呈现不断调整状态，但是与全国相比层次还比较低，产业结构呈重型化趋势。然后对新疆产业结构调整对能源消费的影响效应进行分析，发现新疆能源消费总量呈快速增长趋势，能源消费结构比较单一，主要以煤炭消费为主；从新疆能源消费与产业结构的协整关系来看，二者之间有着长期的协整关系，产业结构的变化会直接影响能源消费的变化；最后通过对环境与产业结构的实证结果可以看出，新疆的产业结构调整与环境污染物的排放存在着长期的协整关系；初步得出结论：能源消费和环境污染物的排放的控制可以通过产业结构的调整来实现。通过第三章的分析得出的初步结论是通过三次产业结构的调整可以实现对能源消费和环境污染物排放的控制，在本文的第四章对能源与环境约束下新疆产业结构的调整进行动态模拟分析。主要是通过构建多目标规划模型，定量的分析如何通过调整产业结构的战略实施来实现新疆的经济与能源环境持续协调发展。实证结果显示，新疆目前产业结构优化方向是要依托区域的资源优势，延伸主导产业的产业链，在提升产业竞争力的同时，提高产品的附加值，降低能源消耗和环境污染。需要重点发展的行业有石油和天然气开采业、电力热力的生产和供应业、化学工业、和食品制造和烟草加工；需要鼓励发展的行业通用专用设备制造业、交通运输设备制造业、电气机械及器材制造业、通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业、纺织业和纺织服装鞋帽皮革羽绒服及其制品业；需要控制发展的行业是煤炭开采和洗选业、金属制品业和其他行业；需要限制发展的行业是金属矿采选业、非金属矿及其他矿采选业、非金属矿制品业、金属冶炼及压延加工业、工艺品及其他制造业。最后，对新疆产业结构优化提出建议。
[Abstract]:The different industrial structure on energy consumption and environmental pollution have great differences, therefore, the quality of economic growth of a country or region and persistent with reasonable industrial structure has a direct relationship with not. Resources provide the material basis for economic development, resource exploitation and utilization is attached on the environment; with the development of economy, the scarcity of resources, destruction of the ecological environment and the limited capacity of the environment will have on China's economic development has an important influence. Therefore, for a country or region, the energy and environment two factors into the optimization of industrial structure, to achieve the coordinated development of economy resources and environment has important practical significance.
Xinjiang is located in the border area of Western China, occupies an important position in China's western development strategy, is also China's economic opening to the west of the bridgehead and the important strategic energy base; reform and opening up in China for over thirty years, Xinjiang's economy has made remarkable achievements, but the formation of a long period in Xinjiang the construction of the resource industries dominated the industrial structure, and to maintain the long-term extensive growth mode, therefore, in the process of economic growth will inevitably bring about serious environmental problems. Although Xinjiang is rich in natural resources, but the ecological environment of Xinjiang is located in the western border area of our country is relatively fragile, natural resources the mining brings damage to the local environment. And with the economic development of Xinjiang, Xinjiang energy consumption increased rapidly in recent years, Xinjiang's energy balance sheet can be seen, Xinjiang energy began to appear on the resource environment deficit; unlimited demand of resources and environment carrying capacity is limited between the contradiction itself has become the main reason for the existence of constraints of resources and environment. Therefore, in serious energy environmental problems, national and local have proposed energy-saving emission reduction targets in Xinjiang. The "12th Five-Year" plan pointed out that the development target. The average annual GDP growth of more than 10%, more reasonable industrial structure, three industrial development quality and level increased significantly, improved resource utilization efficiency, effective control of yuan GDP energy consumption, promote the rapid development of Xinjiang healthy and orderly.
This paper is under the two constraints of energy and Environment Research on industrial structure optimization. In the theory of industrial structure, based on the theory of sustainable development and energy conservation and other related theories, the study on the optimization of industrial structure in Xinjiang. This paper is as follows: in the third chapter, firstly analyzes the current situation of Xinjiang industrial structure in recent years, found that the industrial structure of Xinjiang has continued to adjust the state, but compared with the national level is still relatively low, the industrial structure is heavy trend. Then adjusting the industrial structure of Xinjiang on the impact of energy consumption efficiency should be analyzed, found that the total energy consumption of Xinjiang showed a trend of rapid growth, the energy consumption structure is relatively simple, mainly in coal consumption mainly from the whole; the relationship between energy consumption and industrial structure of Xinjiang Association, has a long-term cointegration relationship between the two, the change of industrial structure will be straight The influence of the change of energy consumption; finally, based on the empirical environment and industrial structure. The results showed that the Xinjiang industrial structure adjustment and environmental pollutant emissions have a long-run cointegration relationship; a preliminary conclusion: the control of energy consumption and environmental emissions of pollutants can be achieved through the adjustment of industrial structure. Through the analysis of the preliminary conclusion the third chapter is drawn by three times the adjustment of the industrial structure can control the emission of energy consumption and environmental pollution, in the fourth chapter of the energy and environmental constraints of the adjustment of industrial structure in Xinjiang. Dynamic simulation analysis is carried out mainly through constructing the multi-objective programming model, quantitative analysis of how to implement the adjustment of industrial structure the strategy to achieve sustained and coordinated development of economy and energy and the environment in Xinjiang.
The empirical results show that the current Xinjiang industrial structure optimization direction is to rely on regional resources, extension of the leading industry in the industrial chain, improve the competitiveness of the industry at the same time, increase the added value of products, reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution. The need to focus on the development of the industry of petroleum and natural gas industry, electricity and heat production and supply industry, chemical industry, and food manufacturing and tobacco processing; to encourage the development of industry in general and special equipment manufacturing, transportation equipment manufacturing, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing, communications equipment, computers and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, textile industry and textile, leather jacket and its products need to control the development of industry; the industry is coal mining and washing industry, metal products industry and other industries; the need to restrict the development of the industry is the metal mining industry, non-metallic mineral and other mining Industry, non-metallic mineral products industry, metal smelting and calendering processing industry, handicraft and other manufacturing industries. Finally, suggestions on the optimization of industrial structure in Xinjiang are put forward.

【学位授予单位】：新疆财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F127

【参考文献】