特朗普减税、财政危机与美国经济的结构性问题

发布时间：2018-03-28 08:25

本文选题：特朗普　切入点：减税计划　出处：《江西社会科学》2017年11期

【摘要】：现代货币理论为我们认识特朗普减税计划提供了重要的理论视角。首先,其破除了在国内外流行的"特朗普的减税计划将引发财政危机"的神话,并为国内学界认识美国国债问题提供了全新的视角。其次,尽管特朗普的减税计划有可能刺激总需求并改善私人部门资产负债表的状况,但它不可能解决美国经济中长期存在的财政保守主义、收入两极分化和对外贸易逆差等结构性问题,反而将加剧收入不平等状况,进一步放大美国金融系统的不稳定性,为新的金融危机埋下伏笔。最后,特朗普政府受制于财政保守主义传统,在减税的同时较大幅度地削减了科技研发预算,这将对美国长远发展产生非常不利的影响。对于广大发展中国家而言,我们应当了解并高度重视货币主权的重要性,从而避免在美国有可能发动的税务战中受到严重伤害。
[Abstract]:Modern monetary theory provides an important theoretical perspective for us to understand Trump's tax cuts. First, it breaks the myth that Trump's tax cuts will trigger a fiscal crisis, which is popular both at home and abroad. It also provides a fresh perspective for domestic academics on the issue of Treasuries. Second, while Trump's tax cuts have the potential to stimulate aggregate demand and improve the balance sheet of the private sector, However, it cannot solve structural problems such as fiscal conservatism, income polarization and foreign trade deficit that have long existed in the US economy. On the contrary, it will exacerbate income inequality and further amplify the instability of the US financial system. Finally, the Trump administration, constrained by the tradition of fiscal conservatism, cut taxes and slashed technology research and development budgets by a large margin. This will have a very negative impact on the long-term development of the United States. For the developing world, we should understand and attach great importance to the importance of monetary sovereignty so as to avoid being seriously hurt in the tax war that the United States may wage.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学经济学院;中国人民大学中国特色社会主义经济建设协同创新中心;
【基金】：中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院项目“如何认识当前世界经济形势和我国经济新方位”
【分类号】：F171.2;F817.12

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