“十三五”中国绿色增长路径识别分析

发布时间：2018-04-05 05:04

本文选题：“十三五”　切入点：绿色增长　出处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2017年S1期

【摘要】："十三五"时期中国面临保持经济持续增长和资源环境约束趋紧的双重压力,中国对绿色增长需求日益迫切。本文首先从相对绿色增长和绝对绿色增长两个角度,通过将"十三五"规划指标目标与绿色增长指标的趋势外推结果进行比较发现,国家规划确定的绿色增长相关指标相对保守,基于历史趋势,绿色增长的大部分指标均可以甚至提前达到既定目标,但这并不意味着绿色增长在"十三五"期间能达到较高水平。其次,根据要素生产率提升来源于产业间调整和产业内增长的理论框架,本文分别讨论了农业、工业、消费部门和贸易部门的绿色增长路径。农业部门绿色增长的重点在于提升农业用水效率,改进化肥施用方式和畜禽养殖模式等。工业部门的绿色增长潜力体现在重点行业的过剩产能控制和节能减排,传统制造业的绿色化改造和技术创新以及工业结构绿色调整上。消费部门的绿色增长需要采取措施激励政府采购、交通、建筑的绿色化。贸易部门则需要提升关键行业的资源环境效率,加快贸易结构的绿色调整。第三,根据地区经济发展特征,将全国31个省市划分为四大区域。其中,高要素投入、高要素生产率地区要进一步加强能源资源集约利用和总量控制。低要素投入、高要素生产率地区要通过优化资源配置,率先形成绿色生产和消费模式。低要素投入、低要素生产率地区,关键在于严守生态保护红线,限制高能耗、高污染行业的盲目扩张。高要素投入、低要素生产率地区要推进现有资源整合改造,优化产业集聚和布局。最后,提出通过理顺能源资源价格机制、构建绿色化财税体系、完善环境保护制度体系以及强化绿色科技创新等促进绿色增长的政策建议。
[Abstract]:During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, China is faced with the double pressure of maintaining sustained economic growth and tightening resource and environmental constraints, and China's demand for green growth is becoming increasingly urgent.In this paper, from the perspective of relative green growth and absolute green growth, it is found that the results of extrapolation between the target target of the 13th Five-Year Plan and the trend of the green growth index are compared.The related indicators of green growth identified in the national plan are relatively conservative. Based on historical trends, most of the indicators of green growth can reach the established targets even ahead of schedule.But this does not mean that green growth in the 13th five-year period can reach a higher level.Secondly, according to the theoretical framework of inter-industry adjustment and intra-industry growth, this paper discusses the green growth paths of agriculture, industry, consumer sector and trade sector respectively.The emphasis of the green growth of agricultural sector is to improve the efficiency of agricultural water use, the application of chemical fertilizer and the breeding mode of livestock and poultry.The green growth potential of industrial sector is embodied in the control of excess capacity, energy saving and emission reduction in key industries, green transformation and technological innovation of traditional manufacturing industry and green adjustment of industrial structure.Green growth in the consumer sector requires measures to encourage government procurement, transportation, and green construction.The trade sector needs to improve the efficiency of resources and environment in key industries and accelerate the green adjustment of trade structure.Third, according to the characteristics of regional economic development, the country's 31 provinces and cities are divided into four regions.Among them, high factor input and high factor productivity area should further strengthen energy resources intensive utilization and total quantity control.Low factor input and high factor productivity region should take the lead in forming green production and consumption mode by optimizing resource allocation.The key to low factor input and low factor productivity is to strictly observe the red line of ecological protection and limit the blind expansion of high energy consumption and high pollution industries.Areas with high factor input and low factor productivity should promote the integration and transformation of existing resources and optimize industrial agglomeration and layout.Finally, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote green growth, such as straightening out the price mechanism of energy resources, constructing green fiscal and taxation system, perfecting the system of environmental protection and strengthening the innovation of green science and technology.
【作者单位】：环境保护部环境与经济政策研究中心;
【基金】：环境保护部2016年国库预算项目“国家环境保护战略决策支持研究”(批准号:2110105) 全球绿色增长研究所项目“‘十三五’中国绿色增长路线图研究” 国家自然科学基金青年项目“京津冀区域大气污染物排污交易政策模拟与成本效益分析”(批准号:41501599)
【分类号】：F124

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