中国城镇地区消费不平等演变趋势——新视角与新证据

发布时间：2018-04-09 07:13

本文选题：消费不平等　切入点：恩格尔曲线　出处：《财贸经济》2017年06期

【摘要】：本文利用不同收入群体消费支出结构差异,基于中国城镇住户调查丰富详尽的消费支出数据,同时修正了不同收入群体的报告误差和不同消费品支出的测量误差,重新测度了1993-2010年中国城镇地区消费不平等程度及其演变趋势。误差调整后的实证分析结果表明,部分文献中"消费不存在瞒报"的假设存在较大问题,以修正后的中国城镇地区高、低收入群体平均消费总支出之比核算的消费不平等在18年间上升了67%,远大于直接使用原始消费总支出数据所得的36%。具体而言:时间趋势层面,消费不平等在1993-2007年经历了快速上升,2008年后有所缓解;群体分布层面,高收入群体与社会其他群体间的差异是消费不平等上升的重要推动力量;群体瞒报层面,2002年以来,相对于低收入群体,高收入群体存在严重的消费支出低报问题且低报程度保持稳定,而中等收入群体则存在轻微高报问题。本文为重新认识中国城镇地区消费不平等的演变趋势奠定了基础,有助于准确把握消费不平等程度,有的放矢地推行再分配政策。
[Abstract]:Based on the rich and detailed data of Chinese urban household survey, this paper makes use of the difference of consumption expenditure structure of different income groups, and corrects the reporting error of different income groups and the measuring error of different consumer expenditure.This paper remeasures the degree and evolution trend of consumption inequality in urban areas of China from 1993 to 2010.The results of empirical analysis after error adjustment show that the hypothesis of "no underreporting of consumption" in some literatures has great problems, so that the revised urban areas in China are high.The ratio of average total consumption expenditure in low-income groups increased by 67.7 percent in 18 years, which is much larger than that obtained by using the original total consumption expenditure data directly.Specifically, in the aspect of time trend, consumption inequality increased rapidly from 1993 to 2007, and then decreased after 2008. At the level of group distribution, the difference between high-income groups and other groups in society is an important driving force for the rise of consumption inequality.Since 2002, compared with the low-income group, the high income group has a serious problem of low reporting of consumer expenditure and the low reporting degree remains stable, while the middle income group has a slight problem of overreporting.This paper lays a foundation for a new understanding of the evolution trend of consumption inequality in China's urban areas, which is helpful to accurately grasp the degree of consumption inequality and to carry out the redistribution policy in a targeted manner.
【作者单位】：复旦大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国经济发展新常态的趋势性特征及政策取向研究”(15ZDA008) 国家自然科学基金重点项目“推动经济发达地区产业转型升级的机制与政策研究”(71333002);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目“促进企业创新的金融市场特征研究:基于金融结构与互联网金融发展的视角”(71603057)
【分类号】：F126.1

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