日本经济发展影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 20:17

本文选题：经济现状　切入点：促进因素　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：日本经济经历了超高速发展,但最近几年日本经济发展放缓。在日本经济发展每个发展阶段的发展状况都是由其本身具有的特点决定的,其经济发展的特点又取决于促进因素和制约因素,因此,研究日本经济发展的影响因素具有现实意义,这对于研究日本经济发展状况和未来趋势具有重大意义,也对世界各国都具有极有价值的借鉴和警示作用。对日本经济发展的促进作用因素分析从投资、消费、跨国公司直接投资和科技四方面进行。由于跨国公司的直接投资并不计入国民收入,并且日本在此部分的收入相当重要,跨国公司的直接对外投资也对促进日本经济发展有不容忽视的作用。同时,日本作为科学技术和教育投入领先世界的国家,其经济发展受科技投入和教育投入的绝对影响。当前日本经济发展受多方面因素的限制,主要包括投资需求不足的限制、少子老龄化限制、制造业“加拉帕戈斯化”、政府债务危机及日元贬值、执政能力以及政治限制五个制约因素。根据宏观经济学的研究方法,从总供给和总需求两个角度对日本经济发展的影响因素分别进行实证分析。首先从总供给角度进行分析。运用柯布道格拉斯生产函数得出资金、劳动力对经济发展的贡献率,结果表明由于资本的边际收益递减以及日本经济长期处于“流动性偏好陷阱”资本对日本经济的拉动作用小于劳动力投入对经济的拉动作用。再从总需求角度进行分析。运用国民收入核算恒等式,对投资、消费、净出口以及政府投入对国民经济的贡献率进行估算,四方面因素对日本经济发展都具有明显的促进作用,而消费因素和政府投入因素对经济的带动作用大于投资和净出口的带动作用。日本经济受2008年全球性经济危机的影响,在2009年在世界经济中的地位降落至世界第三的位置。日本在全球性经济危机之后长时期后劲不足,加之本国高失业率,通货紧缩,产业空心化,日元连续贬值等问题日益突出,日本“后发优势”逐步丧失,未来日本经济回到GDP世界第二的位置难度较大。本文写作的目的在于分析当前世界经济状况以及日本在当今世界经济中的地位,根据已有资料总结出日本当前经济发展独特优势以及面临的经济发展困境,以研究影响日本经济发展的促进因素和制约因素。同时结合当前日本经济发展面临的国际环境,梳理出以美国为代表的发达国家和以中国为代表的发展中国家在当前日本经济发展过程中的作用,并对日本未来经济发展方向做出简单预测。
[Abstract]:Japan's economy has experienced super-high growth, but in recent years Japan's economic growth has slowed.The state of development in each stage of Japan's economic development is determined by its own characteristics, and the characteristics of its economic development depend on the factors of promotion and constraints, therefore,It is of practical significance to study the influencing factors of Japan's economic development, which is of great significance to the study of Japan's economic development and future trends, and also has a valuable reference and warning function to all countries in the world.This paper analyzes the promoting factors of Japanese economic development from four aspects: investment, consumption, transnational corporation direct investment and science and technology.Since the direct investment of multinational corporations does not count into national income, and the income of Japan in this part is very important, the direct foreign investment of transnational corporations also plays an important role in promoting the development of Japanese economy.At the same time, as a leading country in science, technology and education, Japan's economic development is absolutely influenced by the investment of science and technology and education.At present, Japan's economic development is restricted by many factors, including the shortage of investment demand, the aging of minority children, the "Galapagos" of manufacturing industry, the government debt crisis and the depreciation of the yen.The governing ability and political restriction are five restrictive factors.According to the research methods of macroeconomics, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the influencing factors of Japanese economic development from the perspectives of total supply and total demand.First of all, from the point of view of the total supply of analysis.Using the Cobb Douglas production function to derive the contribution of capital and labor to economic development,The results show that due to the diminishing marginal return of capital and the fact that the Japanese economy has been in a "liquidity preference trap" for a long time, the pulling effect of capital on the Japanese economy is less than that of labor input.Then from the point of view of total demand analysis.Using the identity of national income accounting to estimate the contribution rate of investment, consumption, net export and government input to the national economy, four factors have obviously promoted the economic development of Japan.Consumption factor and government input factor have more driving effect on economy than investment and net export.Japan's economy, hit by the 2008 global economic crisis, fell to third place in the world economy in 2009.After the global economic crisis, Japan's lack of stamina for a long time, coupled with its high unemployment rate, deflation, industrial hollowing, and the continuous depreciation of the yen, are becoming increasingly prominent, and Japan's "late-development advantage" is gradually being lost.In the future, Japan's economy will be more difficult to return to the second place in the GDP world.The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current world economic situation and Japan's position in the world economy, and sum up the unique advantages of Japan's current economic development and the economic development dilemma it faces.In order to study the impact of Japan's economic development factors and constraints.At the same time, according to the international environment facing Japan's economic development, the role of the developed countries represented by the United States and the developing countries represented by China in the current process of Japan's economic development has been sorted out.And to Japan's future economic development direction makes the simple forecast.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F131.3

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