发达国家对外援助的效果分析

发布时间：2018-04-23 14:35

本文选题：援助 + 援助效果　；参考：《厦门大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：发达国家为发展中国家和最不发达国家提供援助的历史可以追溯到20世纪60年代,然而关于援助效果的争议也从未间断。2002年以前,援助效果通常指的是援助与经济增长或是援助与减贫效果之间的关系。根据援助与经济增长(或减贫效果)之间的关系来分析援助效果可以被视为“结果导向型”的分析框架。自2002年经济合作与发展组织下属的发展援助委员会(Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development-Development Assistance Committee, OECD-DAC)提出援助有效性概念以来,以有效性衡量援助效果的研究日益增多。自此,出现了以符合《巴黎宣言》指标为基础的“过程导向型”分析框架。关于援助效果的分析也逐渐从“结果导向型”转为了“过程导向型”和“结果导向型”并行的分析机制。在OECD-DAC援助有效性研究大力发展的同时,仍有大量学者通过实证模型来研究援助与经济增长或是与减贫效果之间的关系。由于援助与经济增长的研究较为普遍,本文将侧重于研究援助与经济增长的关系。总的来说,本文将从两个角度对发达国家援助的效果进行全面分析,一方面考察发达国家援助的有效性,另一方面分析发达国家援助的经济效果。根据OECD-DAC的相关援助有效性议程提供的指标援助,考察援助的有效性。另一方面,本文为衡量援助的经济效果,在基础的经济增长模型中加入援助变量,借鉴药物模型和好政策模型对基础模型进行扩展,并最终使用该实证模型对发达国家援助的经济效果进行分析。为保证结果的稳健性,消除内生性的影响,本文分别采取了PCSE和系统GMM的估计方法对本文的模型进行估计,并得出结论,只有在政策足够好且受援国收入较低时,援助才有可能对经济增长有正面影响。
[Abstract]:The history of aid provided by developed countries to developing and least developed countries dates back to the 1960s, but the controversy over aid effectiveness has never stopped. Aid effectiveness usually refers to the relationship between aid and economic growth or aid and poverty reduction. The analysis of aid effectiveness based on the relationship between aid and economic growth (or poverty reduction effect) can be regarded as a "result-oriented" analytical framework. Since the for Economic Co-operation and Development-Development Assistance Committee (OECD-DAC) of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) put forward the concept of aid effectiveness in 2002, the research on measuring aid effectiveness by effectiveness has increased day by day. Since then, a "process-oriented" analytical framework based on Paris Declaration targets has emerged. The analysis of aid effectiveness has gradually changed from "result-oriented" to "process-oriented" and "result-oriented" parallel analysis mechanism. While the research on aid effectiveness of OECD-DAC develops vigorously, there are still a lot of scholars through empirical models to study the relationship between aid and economic growth or poverty reduction effect. As the research on aid and economic growth is common, this paper will focus on the relationship between aid and economic growth. On the one hand, the effectiveness of aid from developed countries, on the other hand, the economic effect of aid from developed countries. The effectiveness of the aid is examined according to the indicator aid provided by the OECD-DAC 's related aid effectiveness agenda. On the other hand, in order to measure the economic effect of aid, this paper adds aid variables to the basic economic growth model, and extends the basic model by using the drug model and the good policy model. Finally, this empirical model is used to analyze the economic effects of aid in developed countries. In order to ensure the robustness of the results and eliminate the endogenous influence, this paper estimates the model by PCSE and systematic GMM, and concludes that only if the policy is good enough and the income of the recipient is low, Aid is likely to have a positive impact on economic growth.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F114.4

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