关于我国垄断行业分配制度改革的探讨

发布时间：2018-05-18 15:20

本文选题：垄断行业 + 分配制度　；参考：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国社会主义市场经济的不断发展，分配问题已经成为当前我国经济发展面临的重要问题和阻碍，只有进一步完善分配制度，调整分配结构，才能使我国经济持续平稳快速的发展。近年来，我国垄断行业发展迅速，带来了巨大的经济效应。但与此同时，行业垄断是我国市场经济分配制度不完善的重要体现，也是导致我国分配不公的原因之一。进一步促进我国垄断行业分配制度的改革，是解决我国分配问题的重要步骤，也是促进我国市场经济发展的重要环节。在我国，垄断行业的存在和发展是市场经济和计划经济共同作用的产物。通过对垄断行业内涵、分类、成因和特征的基本界定，我们可以直观的看到，我国垄断行业既有普遍性特征，又有浓厚的中国特色。随着对垄断行业收入分配相关理论的进一步研究，不难发现，按要素贡献分配原则在我国分配制度中起着越来越重要的作用，这不仅是由我国国情决定的，更多的是经济发展和选择的结果。在这一过程中，按要素贡献分配和垄断行业自身发展特点相结合，出现了一系列的问题，只有正视并解决这些问题，才能更好的促进我国垄断行业分配制度的改革。在对我国垄断行业收入分配现状进行调查和总结后，可以得出结论，垄断行业个人收入水平明显偏高。其工资收入高、福利待遇好、工资增长快等特点，正是当前垄断行业“按劳分配”名不符实、竞争机制缺乏和规范机制不力等问题的表现。这些问题的出现，最直接的原因是垄断行业凭借垄断地位获得高额利润，而产权制度不健全、法律法规不完善和政府的行政干预过多过强这些深层次的因素则从根本上影响着垄断行业分配制度的改革，是更重要也更应当予以重视的问题。值得借鉴的是，美国、日本、德国作为对垄断行业分配改革较早也较成功的国家，有着许多值得借鉴的经验和教训。在总结了美日德三国经验的基础上，笔者针对我国垄断行业存在的问题及原因，提出以下几点建议：首先，，要贯彻按要素贡献分配的原则；打破垄断行业固有利益，建立公平分配秩序，对垄断行业的定价进行管控，同时针对垄断行业建立合理的收入标准。其次，加快产权制度的改革和完善；推进垄断企业改革，形成所有者、经营者利益制衡机制。第三，在垄断行业中引入竞争机制，减少政府的行政干预；降低市场准入标准，真正实现政企分开，调整和减少优惠政策，为公平竞争创造条件。第四，进一步完善监督机制；建立健全相关法律法规，强化对国有资产的监管，对灰色收入、变相收入进行管理，加强社会监督，实现收入透明化。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of China's socialist market economy, the distribution problem has become an important problem and hindrance in the current economic development of our country. Only by further improving the distribution system and adjusting the distribution structure, Ability to make our country economy continues steady and rapid development. In recent years, the monopoly industry in China has developed rapidly and brought huge economic effects. But at the same time, the industry monopoly is an important embodiment of the imperfect distribution system of market economy in our country, and it is also one of the reasons leading to the unfair distribution in our country. To further promote the reform of distribution system of monopoly industry in China is an important step to solve the problem of distribution in our country, and also an important link to promote the development of market economy in our country. In China, the existence and development of monopoly industry is the product of market economy and planned economy. Through the basic definition of the connotation, classification, causes and characteristics of monopoly industry, we can intuitively see that China's monopoly industry has both universal characteristics and strong Chinese characteristics. With the further research on the theory of income distribution in monopoly industry, it is not difficult to find that the principle of distribution by factor contribution plays a more and more important role in the distribution system of our country, which is not only determined by the national conditions of our country. More is the result of economic development and choice. In this process, according to the factor contribution distribution and monopoly industry itself development characteristics, there are a series of problems, only to face and solve these problems, in order to better promote our monopoly industry distribution system reform. After investigating and summarizing the current situation of income distribution in monopoly industry in China, we can draw a conclusion that the level of individual income in monopoly industry is obviously high. It has the characteristics of high wage income, good welfare treatment and rapid wage growth, which is the manifestation of the current monopoly industry "distribution according to work" is not worthy of the name, the lack of competition mechanism and weak regulation mechanism. The most direct reason for these problems is that the monopoly industry gains high profits by virtue of its monopoly status, and the property right system is not perfect. The imperfect laws and regulations and the excessive and too strong administrative intervention of the government fundamentally affect the reform of the distribution system of monopoly industry, which is more important and should be paid more attention to. It is worth learning that the United States, Japan, Germany, as monopoly industry distribution reform earlier and more successful countries, there are a lot of experience and lessons worth learning. On the basis of summing up the experiences of the United States, Japan and Germany, the author puts forward the following suggestions in view of the existing problems and reasons in China's monopoly industry: first of all, we should carry out the principle of distribution according to the contribution of factors, break the inherent interests of the monopoly industry, Establish fair distribution order, control the pricing of monopoly industry, and set up reasonable income standard for monopoly industry at the same time. Secondly, we should speed up the reform and perfection of the property right system, promote the reform of monopoly enterprises, and form the mechanism of balancing and balancing the interests of owners and managers. Thirdly, we should introduce competition mechanism in monopoly industries, reduce government administrative intervention, lower market access standards, truly separate government from enterprises, adjust and reduce preferential policies, and create conditions for fair competition. Fourth, further improve the supervision mechanism, establish and perfect relevant laws and regulations, strengthen the supervision of state-owned assets, manage grey income and disguised income, strengthen social supervision, and realize the transparency of income.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.7

【参考文献】