上海科技创新能力评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 12:39

本文选题：三螺旋模型 + 科技创新能力　；参考：《上海社会科学院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：上海建设具有全球影响力的科技创新中心,关键是要把握上海科技创新现状。本文基于已有的科技创新能力评价指标体系,根据创新系统理论,结合三螺旋模型理论,通过进一步引入政府、企业、大学、科研机构等创新主体间的“创新联动”,创新性地构建包含资源投入、转化过程(创新联动、知识流动、环境支撑)、产出效益三个维度的科技创新能力评价指标体系,并运用该指标体系对上海科技创新能力进行评价实证。通过运用主成分分析方法,选择全国各省、直辖市作为上海市的比较对象,分析上海市的科技创新地位,得出以下结论：一、北京是我国科技创新龙头地区,科技创新水平显著高于其他省市；二、上海科技创新能力水平名列全国前茅,区域科技创新中心地位已形成,上海已经具有建设“具有全球影响力的科技创新中心”的区位比较优势和基础条件,但距离全国“龙头”地位仍有较大差距；三、我国省际科技创新能力水平呈差异化,带状分布：东部浙江、广东、江苏、黑龙江科技创新水平相对较高,中部地区以四川、陕西科技创新发展水平较为突出。同时,根据实证结果得到赋权重后的科技创新能力评价指标体系,其中RD经费企业来源占比、科研机构企业互动、劳动力素质与综合能力水平存在负相关关系,分析表明我国科技创新活动政府主导地位强,当前国内创新氛围不浓厚。为进一步提升上海科技创新能力发展水平,把上海与北京进行实证比较,得出以下结论：一是上海在科研资金投入方面已跻身国际领先水平,但在科研人员方面,与北京有较大差距；上海基础研究经费投入力度较少,自主创新相对较弱,但上海已初步形成以企业为主体的市场创新机制。二是上海发明专利产出率不高,在科技论文产出、高科技产业经济效益方面与北京相差不大。三是上海创新经济基础与北京处于同一水平,且在城镇化建设和国际交流合作方面具有相对优势；上海技术市场交易近几年趋势平稳,技术交易市场仍不活跃；两地高校、科研机构与企业在高校与企业联动方面之间的互动逐步加深,“产学研”一体化规模正在逐步形成,但上海在“政府、企业、产业”三螺旋互动能力上则相对较弱。基于上述结论,提出相关政策建议：一是提高科研人才创新激励,重视基础领域研究,积极营造科技创新浓厚范围,优化创新资源配置。二是引入更多民间资本,转变孵化器运营模式,建立健全科技孵化器相关政策支持,提升政府、企业、科研院校联动创新。三是搭建公共交易平台,推动建设技术转移平台、完善技术市场信用体系。
[Abstract]:The key to Shanghai's construction of a scientific and technological innovation center with global influence is to grasp the present situation of Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation. Based on the existing evaluation index system of scientific and technological innovation ability, according to the theory of innovation system and the theory of triple helix model, this paper further introduces the "innovation linkage" among government, enterprises, universities, scientific research institutions and so on. Innovatively construct the evaluation index system of scientific and technological innovation capability including resource input, transformation process (innovation linkage, knowledge flow, environment support, output benefit). And use this index system to evaluate Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation ability. By using principal component analysis (PCA) method, selecting provinces and municipalities directly under the Central Government as the comparative objects of Shanghai, and analyzing the status of Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation, the following conclusions are drawn: first, Beijing is the leading region of scientific and technological innovation in China. The level of scientific and technological innovation in Shanghai is significantly higher than that in other provinces and cities. Second, Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation capability ranks among the highest in the country, and the status of regional scientific and technological innovation center has been formed. Shanghai already has the location comparative advantage and the basic condition to build "the science and technology innovation center with global influence", but still has the big disparity from the national "leading" position. Zonal distribution: eastern Zhejiang, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Heilongjiang science and technology innovation level is relatively high, the central region in Sichuan, Shaanxi science and technology innovation development level is more prominent. At the same time, according to the empirical results, the evaluation index system of science and technology innovation ability after giving weight is obtained, in which R D funding enterprises account for the source, scientific research institutions interact with enterprises, and the quality of labor force has a negative correlation with the level of comprehensive ability. The analysis shows that the leading position of the government is strong, and the domestic innovation atmosphere is not strong. In order to further improve the development level of Shanghai's scientific and technological innovation ability, the empirical comparison between Shanghai and Beijing has drawn the following conclusions: first, Shanghai has entered the international leading level in scientific research investment, but in terms of scientific research personnel, There is a big gap between Shanghai and Beijing, the investment of basic research funds in Shanghai is less, the independent innovation is relatively weak, but Shanghai has initially formed the market innovation mechanism with enterprises as the main body. The second is that the output rate of Shanghai invention patent is not high, and the output of scientific and technological papers and the economic benefits of high-tech industry are not different from that of Beijing. Third, Shanghai's innovative economic base is at the same level as Beijing's, and it has comparative advantages in urbanization construction and international exchange and cooperation; Shanghai's technology market has a stable trend in recent years, and the technology trading market is still inactive; and universities and colleges in both places, The interaction between scientific research institutions and enterprises in the aspect of the linkage between universities and enterprises is gradually deepening, and the integration scale of "industry, learning and research" is gradually forming, but Shanghai is relatively weak in the "government, enterprise and industry" three helix interaction ability. Based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward some relevant policy suggestions: first, we should improve the incentive of scientific research talents, attach importance to basic research, actively create a strong range of scientific and technological innovation, and optimize the allocation of innovative resources. The second is to introduce more private capital, change the operation mode of incubator, establish and perfect the relevant policy support of science and technology incubator, and promote the linkage innovation among government, enterprise and scientific research colleges. Third, build public trading platform, promote the construction of technology transfer platform, improve the credit system of technology market.
【学位授予单位】：上海社会科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F124.3

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